解淀粉芽胞杆菌YN-J3对禾生炭疽菌孢子萌发和附着胞形成的影响  

Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN-J3 on Spore Germination and Appressorium Formation of Colletotrichum cereale

作　　者：张宝龙 郑成忠 徐振朋 全威 杨继峰 东保柱 周洪友[1,2] ZHANG Baolong;ZHENG Chengzhong;XU Zhenpeng;QUAN wei;YANG Jifeng;DONG Baozhu;ZHOU Hongyou(Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Biological Creation and Resource Utilization Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions,Hohhot 010018,China;Wulanchabu Institute of Agricultural&Forestry Sciences,Wulanchabu 012001,China;Xing’an League Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science,Wulanhaote 137400,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010018 [2]生物农药创制与资源利用自治区高等学校重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,乌兰察布012001 [4]兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特137400

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2024年第5期1045-1053,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-07-C-3);内蒙古科技重大专项燕麦新品种选育、绿色栽培技术与营养功能产品研究与示范(2021ZD0002);中央引导地方科技发展基金,燕麦原粮绿色生产及优质配合精饲料加工技术研究(2022ZY0060);清水河杂粮作物绿色种植技术应用推广(2022ZY0065)。

摘　　要：燕麦炭疽病是由禾生炭疽菌Colletotrichumcereale引起的作物病害,可以危害植株地上部。为研究解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YN-J3对禾生炭疽菌的抑菌作用机理,用菌株YN-J3代谢液、菌体悬浮液、代谢物处理和培养皿对扣熏蒸处理禾生炭疽菌分生孢子,并对孢子萌发率和附着胞形成率进行测定。结果表明,经菌株YN-J3代谢液直接处理的禾生炭疽菌分生孢子形成的不正常附着胞体积变大,没有黑色素沉积。透射电镜观察发现,禾生炭疽菌不正常附着胞的细胞壁疏松、质膜崩溃、细胞器解体、细胞质空泡化。YN-J3菌株菌体悬浮液抑制禾生炭疽菌分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成的EC50值为1.14×10^(5)、1.91×10^(4) cfu/mL。将YN-J3菌株菌体悬浮液和禾生炭疽菌分生孢子用0.22μm滤膜隔开培养,禾生炭疽菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成比例明显下降,10~8 cfu/mL菌体浓度下30 h形成不正常附着胞比例为15.67%。菌体代谢液的乙酸乙酯抽提液能够完全抑制分生孢子萌发和附着胞的形成。与菌株YN-J3菌体对扣培养30 h的分生孢子不萌发。以上结果表明,解淀粉芽胞杆菌YN-J3菌株的代谢物,能够抑制禾生炭疽菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成并产生一种不正常附着胞,菌株YN-J3抑制禾生炭疽菌侵染结构的形成。Oat anthracnose is a severe crop disease caused by Colletotrichum cereale,which can damage the aboveground parts of plants.In this study,the antifungal mechanism of B.amyloliquefaciens YN-J3 against C.cereale was investigated.Conidia of C.cereale were treated with strain YN-J3 metabolic fluid,bacterial suspension,metabolites,and cultured plate-to-plate,and the conidia germination rates and appressoria formation rates were determined.The results indicated that the abnormal appressoria formed by the conidia of C.cereale increased in size and lacked melanin deposition when treated directly with the metabolic liquid of the strain YN-J3.Transmission electron microscopy results suggested that the cell wall of the abnormal appressoria of C.cereale was loose,the plasma membrane collapsed,the organelles disintegrated,and the cytoplasm vacuolated.The EC50 values of strain YN-J3 suspension against conidia germination and appressoria formation of C.cereale were 1.14×10^(5) and 1.91×10^(4) cfu/mL,respectively.The bacterial suspension of the strain YN-J3 and the conidia of C.cereale were separated by 0.22μm filter membrane,and the proportion of conidia germination and appressoria formation of C.cereale decreased significantly.The proportion of abnormal appressoria formation at 108 bacteria concentration for 30 h was(15.67±2.08)%.The ethyl acetate extract of the cell metabolite was able to completely inhibit conidial germination and appressorium formation.When conidia were cultured plate-to-plate with strain YN-J3 for 30 h,they did not germinate.These results indicated that the metabolites produced by strain YN-J3 effectively inhibited the germination of conidia and the formation of appressoria in C.cereale,leading to the development of abnormal appressoria.Furthermore,strain YN-J3 was found to inhibit the formation of infection structures in C.cereale.

关 键 词：解淀粉芽胞杆菌 代谢物 孢子萌发 附着胞形成 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]