2022年阿坝州环境污水肠道病毒和腹泻病毒监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of enteroviruses and diarrheal viruses in environmental sewage,Aba,2022

作　　者：张章[1] 陈娜[2] 曹冉冉[2] 彭刚 李雪 马小珍[2] ZHANG Zhang;CHEN Na;CAO Ran-ran;PENG Gang;LI Xue;MA Xiao-zhen(Aba Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Maerkang,Sichuan 624050,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]阿坝州疾病预防控制中心,四川马尔康624050 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第20期3691-3694,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2022年阿坝州环境污水中的肠道病毒和腹泻病毒的检出情况,为有效控制肠道病毒和腹泻病毒的流行提供依据。方法2022年每月在阿坝州采集环境污水,通过阴离子膜吸附法洗脱浓缩后,进行肠道病毒分离和鉴定;同时浓缩液提取核酸,通过实时荧光定量PCR测定诺如病毒、A组轮状病毒、札如病毒、肠道腺病毒、人星状病毒几种腹泻病毒。结果2022年1—12月共采集12份环境污水,共分离出脊髓灰质炎病毒3株和非脊灰肠道病毒9株,3株脊髓灰质炎病毒均为Ⅲ型脊灰疫苗相似株。A组轮状病毒和诺如病毒Ⅱ型每月均有检出;诺如病毒Ⅰ型和肠道腺病毒除11月外其他月份均有检出;人星状病毒在7月、8月、11月、12月未能检出;札如病毒全年未检出。结论阿坝州环境污水中肠道病毒和腹泻病毒广泛存在,环境污水监测能够全面了解肠道病毒和腹泻病毒病原学特征和流行特征,持续的环境污水监测可为肠道病毒和腹泻病毒相关疾病的流行和暴发做出预测预警。Objective To assess the presence of enteroviruses and diarrheal viruses in the environmental sewage of Aba in 2022,and to provide evidence supporting effective control measures against these viruses.Methods Sewage samples were collected monthly throughout 2022,then eluted and concentrated by anionic membrane adsorption.Through this,enteroviruses were isolated and identified.At the same time,nucleic acid was extracted from the concentrated liquid,and real-time fluorescent PCR was used to detect several diarrhea viruses,such as group A rotavirus,norovirus,Sapovirus,human astrovirus and enteric adenovirus.Results A total of 12 environmental sewage samples were collected from January to December 2022.Out of these,3 strains of polioviruses and 9 non-polio enteroviruses were isolated.All 3 poliovirus strains were detected as Type 3 vaccine-like poliovirus(PV)strains.Group A rotavirus and norovirus genotype II were detected every month.Norovirus type I and enteric adenovirus were observed in all months except November.Human astrovirus was absent in samples from July,August,November and December.Sapovirus was not identified throughout the year.Conclusion Enteroviruses and diarrheal viruses exist widely in Aba’s environmental sewage.Environmental sewage surveillance can offer a comprehensive view of these viruses’etiological and epidemiological characteristics.Continuous environmental sewage surveillance can predict and warn the epidemic and outbreak of enteroviruses and diarrheal virus-related diseases.

关 键 词：环境污水 肠道病毒 腹泻病毒 阿坝州 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]