我国老年人互助养老参与状况差异及影响因素分析  

Difference and influencing factors of the participation of the elderly in mutual support for the aged in China

作　　者：苏敏艳 王鸿江 高山[1] SU Min-yan;WANG Hong-jiang;GAO Shan(Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第20期3769-3773,3792,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2023年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2023SJYB0324)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国老年人互助养老参与状况及影响因素,为互助养老长效发展提供参考依据。方法基于中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)数据,采用单因素卡方分析、非条件logistic回归和Shapley分解法对我国老年人互助养老参与状况的影响因素及差异进行分析。结果我国老年人互助养老参与率仅达19.72%,参与水平偏低,互助养老意识较弱。多因素logistic回归结果表明,老年人互助养老参与状况受人口学特征、个人身体状况、家庭情况、养老观念及方式等因素的共同影响。Shapley分解显示,各因素对老年人互助养老参与状况解释贡献率不同,老年人身体状况对其互助养老参与影响最大,贡献率为19.96%;其次为参保情况和需要别人提供帮助,贡献率分别为19.27%、12.33%。结论打造互助养老平台,健全政府激励机制;完善社区支持网络,营造良好互助氛围;加强互助养老宣教,发挥家庭支持作用。Objective To analyze the participation of mutual help and pension and influencing factors of the elderly in China,and to provide a reference basis for the long-term development of mutual help.Methods Based on the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)data,single-factor deck analysis,non-conditional logistic regression and Shapley decomposition method was used to analyze the influencing factors and differences in the participation of the elderly people in my country.Results The participation rate of mutual support for the elderly in China was only 19.72%,the participation level was low,and the awareness of mutual support for the elderly was weak.Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that the participation of the elderly in mutual support for themwas affected by the demographic characteristics,personal physical conditions,family conditions,pension concepts and ways.Shapley decomposition showed that the contribution rate of each factor to the elderly’s participation in mutual support for the elderly was different,and the physical condition of the elderly had the greatest impact on their participation in mutual support for the elderly,the contribution rate was 19.96%.The second was the participation in insurance and the need for help from others,with the contribution rates of 19.27%and 12.33%respectively.Conclusion It’s of great importance tocreate a platform for mutual assistance for the elderly,improve the government incentive mechanism,improve the community support network,and create a good atmosphere of mutual assistance,strengthen mutual assistance pension and education,and play a role of family support.

关 键 词：老年人 互助养老 参与状况 影响因素 SHAPLEY值法 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]