基于HIRAS的大气甲烷探测敏感性分析与反演波长选择  

Sensitivity Analysis and Inversion Wavelength Selection for Atmospheric Methane Detection based on HIRAS

作　　者：方卫芳 李小英 王雅鹏 程天海 李莘莘 郭宇航 卢文静 FANG Weifang;LI Xiaoying;WANG Yapeng;CHENG Tianhai;LI Shenshen;GUO Yuhang;LU Wenjing(Institute of Air and Space Information Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC),Beijing 100081,China;National Satellite Meteorological Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [4]许健民气象卫星创新中心,北京100081 [5]中国气象局国家卫星气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2024年第4期809-820,共12页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0606400);基础加强计划技术领域基金(2023KJCY0193);委托项目“红外高光谱污染气体检测仪器数据反演及软件开发”(2023KJCY0032)。

摘　　要：甲烷对全球变暖的贡献率约为1/4,且能影响大气层中臭氧、水汽、羟基等成分的浓度,对甲烷垂直浓度反演具有重要意义,进行遥感探测敏感性分析及反演波长选择是甲烷反演的基础。基于风云三号E星上红外高光谱大气垂直探测仪(HIRAS)的特征,在红外大气辐射传输机理基础上,开展大气甲烷探测的正向模拟,进行探测敏感性分析与反演波长选择。首先基于高分辨透射率谱线库(HITRAN)分析CH_(4)的主要吸收窗口及主要干扰成分,然后基于大气廓线背景库以及HIRAS的仪器参数,通过RFM辐射传输模型,模拟1200~1400 cm^(-1)波段CH_(4)及其干扰要素(大气温度、地表温度、地表发射率、H_(2)O、N_(2)O、CO_(2)、F14、HNO_(3)和O_(3))的探测敏感性。研究结果表明在1200~1400 cm^(-1)波段范围内,大气温度、地表温度、地表发射率、H_(2)O以及N_(2)O对甲烷探测的影响较大,具有强干扰性。最后采用基于Jacobian矩阵的信息熵原理,对CH_(4)探测波长进行初选,并结合探测敏感性分析结果,筛选出了1200~1400 cm^(-1)波长范围内88个CH_(4)反演波长。这些波长具有信息量高的特点,对CH_(4)探测更加敏感且更不受干扰成分的影响。Methane contributes about one quarter to global warming and can affect the concentration of ozone,water vapor,hydroxyl groups and other components in the atmosphere.The inversion of vertical methane con⁃centration is of great significance,and the sensitivity analysis of remote sensing detection and the selection of in⁃version wavelength are the basis of methane inversion.In this paper,based on the characteristics of the infrared Hyperspectral Vertical Atmospheric Sounder(HIRAS)on the Fengyun-3E star,we carry out forward simula⁃tion of atmospheric methane detection on the basis of the infrared atmospheric radiative transfer mechanism,and conduct detection sensitivity analysis and inversion wavelength selection.Firstly,the main absorption window of CH_(4)and the main interference components are analyzed based on the high-resolution transmittance spectral line library(HITRAN),and then based on the atmospheric profile background library and the instrumental pa⁃rameters of HIRAS,the 1200~1400 cm^(-1)band CH_(4)and its interference elements(atmospheric temperature,surface temperature,surface emissivity,H_(2)O,N_(2)O,CO_(2),F14,HNO_(3)and O_(3))detection sensitivity.The results show that the atmospheric temperature,surface temperature,surface emissivity,H_(2)O,and N_(2)O have a strong interfering effect on the irradiance brightness as well as the brightness temperature in the 1200~1400 cm^(-1)band range.Finally,the information entropy principle based on the Jacobian matrix is used for the initial selection of CH_(4)detection wavelengths,and combined with the results of detection sensitivity analysis,the selection of CH_(4)inversion wavelengths for HIRAS detection is completed.

关 键 词：HIRAS 大气甲烷 RFM 波长选择 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]