制度性保障理论的源流与当代宪法价值  

Origin and Evolution of the Theory on“Institutional Guarantee”and Its Modern Constitutional Value

作　　者：郝文涛 上官丕亮[1] HAO Wen-tao;SHANGGUAN Pi-iang(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu,215000)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期12-17,共6页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究专项项目“社会主义核心价值观与文化法律制度的构建研究”(19VHJ018)。

摘　　要：魏玛宪法时期的制度性保障理论以“现状保障”为主,施密特将魏玛宪法中的制度与权利分离,通过保障制度的核心不受侵犯,进而保障公民的基本权。“乡镇自治”“公务员制度”与“财产权制度”均为制度性保障的实例。德国基本法时期的制度性保障成为基本权利客观面向的一个功能,主要通过构建制度、维护制度的核心来保障基本权利不受侵犯。对于我国的宪法学,制度性保障理论应是宪法解释的新理念,将特定宪法条款解释为制度,可以有效发挥部分纲领性条款的实效性,以此可以约束立法乃至司法、行政,也为合宪性审查提供依据。The institutional guarantee theory in the period of Weimar Constitution was mainly“status quo guarantee”.Schmidt separated the system and the right in the Weimar Constitution and guaranteed the basic rights of citizens by guaranteeing that the core of the system was not infringed.“Township autonomy”,“civil servant system”and“property rights system”are all examples of institutional guarantee.The institutional protection during the period of German Basic Law has become a function of the objective orientation of basic rights,which mainly protects basic rights from infringement by constructing the system and maintaining the core of the system.For our constitutional law,the theory of institutional guarantee should be a new method of constitutional interpreta-tion.By interpreting specific constitutional provisions as system,it can effectively exert the effectiveness of some programme-based provisions,so as to restrain legislation,judiciary and administration,and also provide basis for constitutionality review.

关 键 词：制度性保障 制度保障 基本权利客观价值秩序 宪法解释 

分 类 号：D908[政治法律—法学理论]