压缩气体气瓶超压泄放计算方法及影响因素讨论  

Discussion on Calculation Method and Influencing Factors of Overpressure Relief of Compressed Gas Cylinders

作　　者：韩冰 戴行涛 闫兴清[3] 李岳[3] 喻健良[3] HAN Bing;DAI Xing-tao;YAN Xing-qing;LI Yue;YU Jian-liang(Key Laboratory of Gas Cylinders Safety Technology,State Administration for Market Regulation,Dalian 116012,China;Dalian Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection&Testing Institute Co.Ltd.,Dalian 116023,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(气瓶安全技术),辽宁大连116012 [2]大连锅炉压力容器检验检测研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《石油化工设备》2024年第6期29-34,共6页Petro-Chemical Equipment

基　　金：国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(气瓶安全技术)开放课题项目(2023K02)。

摘　　要：科学确定气瓶在超压工况下的安全泄放量和泄放面积,是气瓶超压泄放设计的关键。基于CGA S-1.1—2019《Pressure Relief Device Standards—Part 1—Cylinders for Compressed Gases》探讨了压缩气体气瓶安全泄放量及泄放面积的计算方法,明确了影响泄放面积的因素及影响规律,探讨了降低气瓶泄放口径的可能途径。结果表明,依据CGA S-1.1—2019推导得到的气瓶安全泄放量计算方法与GB/T 33215—2016《气瓶安全泄压装置》给出的安全泄放量计算公式有所不同。影响气瓶泄放口径的因素有气瓶体积、超压泄放装置泄放系数和泄放温度。气瓶体积对泄放口径的影响很显著,泄放温度对泄放口径的影响可以忽略。对任意确定体积的气瓶,当泄放系数由0.63增加至1时,泄放口径的降低率均为20.6%。对确定体积的气瓶,采用更高泄放系数的超压泄放装置、开展火烧试验进行验证是降低气瓶泄放口径的2种途径。Determining the safety relief capacity and relief area is the key to designing the overpressure relief of gas cylinders.Based on the CGA-1.1—2019"Pressure Relief Device Standards—Part 1—Cylinders for Compressed Gases"standard,the calculations of safety relief capacity and relief area of compressed gas cylinders were discussed.The influencing factors and laws affecting the relief area were clarified.The possible ways to reduce the relief area of gas cylinders were analyzed.The results show that the calculation method of safety relief capacity derived from CGA S-1.1—2019 is different from the calculation method given in GB/T 33215-2016"Pressure Relief Devices for Gas Cylinders".The factors that affect the relief diameter of gas cylinders include the cylinder volume,the relief coefficient of the overpressure relief device,and the relief temperature.The cylinder volume has a significant effect on the relief diameter,the effect of the relief temperature on the relief diameter can be ignored.For gas cylinders of any fixed volume,when the relief coefficient increases from 0.63 to 1,the reduction rate of the relief diameter is 20.6%.For gas cylinders with certain volume,using the relief device with higher relief coefficient and verifying the relief capacity through fire test are two possible ways to reduce the relief diameter of gas cylinders.

关 键 词：气瓶 压缩气体 超压 安全泄放量 泄放面积 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] T651[一般工业技术]