伽玛射线诱变群体选育的两个粒型变异系的基因组变异分析  

Genomic Studies on Two Rice Grain-Shape Variants Selected from aγ-rays Mutated Population

作　　者：何雨欣 于清涛[2] 汪庆 谭瑗瑗 刘振[1,5] 陈百翠 李承欣 舒庆尧[1,5] HE Yuxin;YU Qingtao;WANG Qing;TAN Yuanyuan;LIU Zhen;CHEN Baicui;LI Chengxin;SHU Qingyao(The Advanced Seed Institute,Zhejiang University/State Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding and Biology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058;Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150029;Wuxi Hupper Biological Seed Industry Technology Institute,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214100;The New Countryside Development Institute at Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058;Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University,Sanya,Hainan 572024)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学现代种业研究所/水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [2]哈尔滨市农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150029 [3]无锡哈勃生物种业技术研究院有限公司,江苏无锡214100 [4]浙江大学新农村发展研究院,浙江杭州310058 [5]浙江大学海南研究院,海南三亚572024

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第12期2312-2319,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部十四五重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200702);2022年中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(ZY2022A-HRB-02);四川省省院省校合作项目(2022YFSY0033);哈尔滨市科技项目(GJ2021TZ002007)。

摘　　要：哈粳稻7号(HG7)是一个清香型大粒优质粳稻品种,在哈尔滨种植时植株较高、熟期较晚。为培育半矮杆、早熟HG7突变体,利用γ射线辐射HG7种子培育了1个M2群体,但只鉴定到2个粒型变异株。对两个M3变异系进行观察发现,两个变异系内粒型不再分离,一个粒型细长,粒长较HG7增加2.6%,粒宽减小18.7%;另一个呈短圆粒,粒长缩短26.0%,粒宽增加4.1%,两者分别被命名为HG7-TG、HG7-SG。与HG7相比,HG7-TG和HG7-SG的株高、穗型等也存在一定差异。为确定HG7-TG和HG7-SG与HG7之间的亲缘关系,首先利用NY/T 1433-2014《水稻品种鉴定技术规程SSR标记法》的48个简单序列重复(SSR)标记对三者进行了分析。结果发现,HG7-TG与HG7之间存在24个SSR位点差异,而HG7-SG与HG7之间仅有1个位点差异。利用基因组重测序分析三者在全基因组水平上的遗传变异,结果表明HG7-TG与HG7之间存在约2.8 M个遗传变异,变异率高达7.5×10^(-3);HG7-SG与HG7之间约存在0.02 M个变异,变异率仅为5.2×10^(-5)。遗传分析结果表明,长粒性状为不完全显性。本研究结果表明,在诱变育种实践中,诱变群体中所鉴定到的变异株可能并非由原品种突变而来,采用SSR标记和基因组重测序的方法先对材料进行甄别,可确保突变体的真实性。本研究采用基因组重测序方法甄别真假突变体,对诱变育种研究具有一定的指导意义。Hagengdao#7(HG7)is a high-quality japonica rice variety characterized by its fragrance,large-grain,relatively tall plant and late maturity when grown in Harbin.To develop early-maturing and semi-dwarf mutants,dried HG7 seeds were irradiated with theγrays,subsequently generating an M2 population.However,only two plants with visibly distinct grain shapes from HG7 were identified within the M2 population.Investigations of the respective M3 lines showed that the grain shape no longer segregated within each line.One line produced grains that were 2.6%longer but 18.7%thinner than those of HG7,while the other line yield grains that were 26.0%shorter but 4.1%wider than those of HG7.These two lines were designated as HG7-TG and HG7-SG,respectively.The plant height and spike type of both HG7-TG and HG7-SG also exhibited differences from those of HG7 to certain degrees.To elucidate the genetic relationship between HG7 HG7-TG,and HG-SG,genotyping were first performed using the 48 simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers used for new rice varieties identification according to NY/T 1433-2014.The results showed that HG7-TG possessed variations at 24 SSR sites relative to HG7,while HG7-SG displayed variation at only one site.Then,whole-genome sequencing was conducted to further reveal the genetic variations at the genomic level between these varieties.The results showed that there were approximately 2.8 M variations between HG7-TG and HG7,with a variation rate of 7.5×10^(-3),while there were only 0.02 M variations observed between HG7-SG and HG7,with a variation rate of only 5.2×10^(-5).Genomic analysis suggested that the longer-grain trait was semi-dominant over short-grain trait.These results demonstrate that in practical applications of plant mutation breeding,not all variants identified within mutated populations may originate solely from mutagenesis,thus SSR makers combined with genome resequencing analysis can effectively validate the authenticity as induced mutants.In this study,genome resequencing served as a method for det

关 键 词：水稻 辐射诱变 SSR标记 基因组重测序 突变体真实性 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]