智慧司法背景下证据法学理论体系的开放性构造  

The Open Architecture of the Theoretical System of Evidence Law under the Background of Intelligent Justice

作　　者：资琳[1] 李倩倩 Zi Lin;Li Qianqian

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《高等教育评论》2024年第1期62-75,共14页Higher Education Review

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“智慧司法背景下案件事实的分层论证研究”(21AFX002)的研究成果。

摘　　要：智慧司法背景下,证据法学呈现证据标准的数字化、证据推理模型的智能化和证据规则的算法化趋势。在证据标准的数字化实践中,面临如何协调数据客观性与价值主体主观偏好的价值难题;在证据推理模型的智能化应用中,存在对人工智能证据推理模型研究不足的理论局限;在证据规则的算法化趋势中,受到证据制度融贯性和开放性不足的制度束缚。为了突破上述限制,证据法学理论体系需要进行开放性构造,以应对智慧司法带来的冲击:首先,构建统一性的数字化证据标准,平衡证据标准形式性与价值判断实质性之间的关系;其次,对人工智能技术和证据推理模型进行理论整合,探讨威格莫尔证据图与论证模型、贝叶斯网络与概率模型、溯因网络与故事模型的融合路径;最后,扩展现有的证据规则体系,强化证据规则的融贯性并规范证据规则的算法化程序。In the context of intelligent justice,the evidence law takes on new features:more digitalized evidence standards,more intelligent evidence reasoning models,and smarter evidence rules based on algorithm.In the practice of digitalization of evidence standards,there is a dilemma of value about how to coordinate the objectivity of data and the subjective preferences of value subjects.In the application of more intelligent evidence reasoning models,there is a theoretical limitation of insufficient research on AI evidence reasoning models.In the application of evidence rules based on algorithm,it is restricted by the lack of coherence and openness of the evidence rules.In order to break through the above limitations,the theoretical system of the evidence law needs to develop an open architecture so as to cope with the impact brought by intelligent justice.Firstly,normal digitalized evidence standard should be built up to balance the formality of evidence standard and the substantiality of value judgment.Secondly,the integration of artificial intelligence technology and evidence reasoning models should be carried out to explore the proper way of combining Wigmore Chart and argumentation models,Bayesian network and probability models,and abductive network and story models.Finally,the existing evidence rule system should be expanded.In the meantime,the coherence of evidence rules should be strengthening and the algorithmic procedure of evidence rules should be standardized.

关 键 词：智慧司法 证据法学 证据标准 证据推理 证据规则 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] D926[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程] D925.2[政治法律—法学]