电动汽车电动压缩机噪声控制方法研究  

Research on Reducing Electrical Compressor Operation Noise of Electric Vehicle

作　　者：刘佐军 李海鹏 田飞 文金辉 吴丹 Liu Zuojun;Li Haipeng;Tian Fei;Wen Jinhui;Wu Dan(Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Technology Center,Guangzhou 510800)

机构地区：[1]东风日产乘用车公司技术中心,广州510800

出　　处：《汽车文摘》2024年第11期11-17,共7页Automotive Digest

摘　　要：随着新能源车型的广泛普及,电动压缩机噪声逐渐成为电动车噪声的主要来源。为了分析其发声机理,明确其噪声特征和主要传递路径,重点针对电动压缩机噪声中的阶次噪声问题展开研究,基于激励源-路径-响应分析模型并结合工程开发实例,总结电动压缩机噪声识别和优化控制方法。研究结果表明,相比于抑制压缩机起振力水平和优化传递路径隔振能力等传统方法,采用电动压缩机转速避让控制策略控制压缩机一阶轰鸣音更具性价比;通过优化和控制压缩机及散热风扇安装支架隔振能力以降低车内拍频感幅度是控制压缩机散热风扇拍频音的关键;基于声学掩蔽效应原理,可以通过合理增大散热风扇噪声,提升顾客对于电动压缩机电磁噪声的接受阈值。With the widespread popularity of new energy vehicle models,electrical compressor operation noise is one of the main sources of electric vehicle noise.In order to analyze the mechanism of noise generation and clarify the noise characteristics and main transmission paths,this paper focuses on the study of order noise in electric compressor noise,and summarize the identification and optimization control methods of electric compressor noise based on the sourcespath-response analysis model combined with engineering development examples.The research results indicate that:compared to traditional methods such as suppressing the compressor's vibration force level and optimizing the vibration isolation capability of the transmission path,adopting a speed avoidance control strategy for the electric compressor to control the first-order booming noise is more cost-effective;optimizing and controlling the vibration isolation capability of the mounting brackets for the compressor and cooling fan are key to reducing the perceived amplitude of beat frequency noise inside the vehicle;based on the principle of auditory masking,the acceptance threshold for electromagnetic noise of the electric compressor can be increased by reasonably amplifying the noise of the cooling fan.

关 键 词：电动压缩机噪声 拍频噪声 一阶轰鸣音 电磁噪声 噪声控制方法 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]