植物对氮磷亏缺的生长及生理、分子响应研究进展  

Research Progress on Growth,Physiology,and Molecular Response of Plants to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deficiency

作　　者：程功 焦洁洁[2] 蒋建潮 薛逸琳 郑炳松[1] 闫道良[1] Cheng Gong;Jiao Jiejie;Jiang Jianchao;Xue Yilin;Zheng Bingsong;Yan Daoliang(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300;Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023;Hangzhou Jiande Forest Farm,Hangzhou 311604)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室,杭州311300 [2]浙江省林业科学研究院,杭州310023 [3]杭州建德林场,杭州311604

出　　处：《湖北林业科技》2024年第5期65-72,共8页Hubei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省农业(林木新品种选育)新品种选育重大科技专项“生态抗逆性新品种冬青选育”(2021C02070-5-4)。

摘　　要：氮和磷是植物需求的大量元素,其在促进植物生长、提高作物产量和品质等方面发挥着重要的作用。氮磷亏缺会减缓植物生长、抑制光合作用,影响渗透调节物质、膜系统及相关酶活性变化等,此时植物会触发相应的生理及分子响应机制来维持正常生长。基于以上研究结果,通过综述氮磷亏缺对植物生长发育的影响研究成果,并对植物在氮磷亏缺下的分子响应机制进行总结,筛选出响应氮磷亏缺的关键应答基因,以便于未来构建高氮磷利用效率的转基因植株,为植物的栽培管理、筛选并创制高效利用氮磷的经济植物提供参考。Nitrogen and phosphorus are macro-element required by plants,playing important roles in promoting plant growth,improving crop yield and quality.Nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency can slow down plant growth,inhibit photosynthesis,affect changes in osmoregulatory substances,membrane systems,and related enzyme activities.At this time,plants will trigger corresponding physiological and molecular response mechanisms to maintain normal growth.Based on the above research results,this paper reviews the research results on the impact of nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency on plant growth and development,and summarizes the molecular response mechanisms of plants under nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency,and key response genes in response to nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency were selected to facilitate the construction of transgenic plants with high nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency in the future,providing reference for plant cultivation management,screening,and creating efficient economic plants that utilize nitrogen and phosphorus.

关 键 词：低氮 低磷 生理特性 分子响应机制 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]