从《儿女英雄传》看一百四十年来常州话的演变  

The Evolution of the Changzhou Dialect in 140 Years:Proofs from The Phonetic Transliteration in the Late-Qing Novel The Biography of the Heroic Youth

作　　者：黄河[1] 郑子宁 Huang He;Zheng Zining(Institute of Modern Languages and Linguistics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433;Melbourne Business School,University of Melbourne,Melbourne 3010)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学现代语言学研究院,上海200433 [2]墨尔本大学商学院,墨尔本3010

出　　处：《语言科学》2024年第5期524-534,共11页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(22&ZD301)的资助。

摘　　要：文章分析了晚清小说《儿女英雄传》中的北京话和常州话的对音材料,并结合93个常州地区方言点的共时调查材料,拟测一百四十年前的常州话的面貌。然后和赵元任于1928年记载的常州话比较,梳理了1878年至1928年五十年间发生的诸多音韵变化,并给出解释。通过本个案研究,文章揭示了明清小说中的方言语料对方言研究的重要性,同时强调把文献材料和共时调查得到的方言地理材料结合,对研究方言的区域性演变具有重要意义。This paper analyses the phonetic transliteration of the Changzhou dialect using the Beijing dialect as found in the late-Qing novel The Biography of the Heroic Youth.The result is then compared with the synchronic material collected from 93 localities in the Changzhou dialect area to reconstruct the Changzhou dialect 140 years ago.The reconstructed Old Changzhou dialect is then compared with the Changzhou dialect as recorded by Chao Yuan-ren in 1928 to investigate the many phonological changed occurred during the 50-year-period from 1878 to 1928 with expla-nation given.Through this particular study we illustrate the importance of dialectal material in the novels of Ming and Qing dynasties to researching dialects.Meanwhile,we also stress that the combination of textual analysis and synchronic materials from dialect geography will be of great significance in the study of areal changes among dialects.

关 键 词：常州话 《儿女英雄传》 古方言拟测 方言地理 历时演变 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]