平直翼飞翼布局飞机的操稳特性  

Stability and controllability of unswept-wing flying-wing aircraft

作　　者：李志锴 魏莎 丁虎[1,2,3] 陈立群 LI Zhikai;WEI Sha;DING Hu;CHEN Liqun(School of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics,Shanghai 200072,China;Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学力学与工程科学学院,上海200444 [2]上海市力学信息学前沿科学研究基地,上海200072 [3]上海飞行器力学与控制研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期925-937,共13页Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12072181,12272211)。

摘　　要：飞翼布局飞机气动效率高,常被太阳能飞机所采用,但操稳特性较差.平直翼飞翼布局飞机具有与主流后掠飞翼布局飞机不同的气动特性.使用涡格法计算了轻小型平直翼飞翼布局无人机的气动力系数与气动导数,分析了某验证机的俯仰静稳定性及不同迎角、爬升角下的纵向与横航向稳定性,讨论了重心位置低于机翼平面对其稳定性的影响,并制作航空模型试飞.研究发现,平直翼飞翼布局飞机的纵向稳定性与常规布局飞机不同,可以在无增稳条件下维持横航向稳定,荷兰滚倾向弱.重心位置降低可以改变配平迎角,使其在正迎角下俯仰更稳定,但会使其在负迎角或大爬升角下的俯仰稳定性恶化.飞机在飞行中表现出多种特殊行为,需要进一步研究.Flying-wing aircraft are known for their high aerodynamic effciency and are often utilized in solar-powered aircraft.However,they generally exhibit poor stability and controllability.Unswept-wingflying-wing aircraft,also called“flying planks”,possess aerodynamic characteristics that differ from swept-wingflying-wing designs.This study utilizes the vortex lattice method to calculate the aerodynamic coeffcients and derivatives of a lightweight,small-scale,unswept-wingflying-wing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV).The study analyzes the longitudinal static stability,longitudinal and lateral-directional dynamic stability under varying angles of attack(AoAs)and climb angles as well as the effects of the centre of gravity(CG)position below the wing on the stability of the UAV.An aeromodel is constructed and test-flown to validate thefindings.Results show that the longitudinal stability of the unswept-wingflying-wing aircraft differs from that of conventional configurations.These aircraft show almost no tendency for dutch-roll,and maintain lateral-directional stability without stability augmentation.Lowering the CG position can alter the trimmed AoAs,and enhance the pitch stability at positive AoAs and deteriorates the pitch stability at negative AoAs or large climbing angles;it also narrows theflight envelope.Unswept-wingflying wings possess various unconventional characteristics duringflight and need further investigation.

关 键 词：平直翼 飞翼布局 稳定性 操纵特性 重心位置 

分 类 号：V212.12[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]