哈桑·法赛建筑气候设计思想与实践范型  

Theory and Practice Paradigm of Hassan Fathy’s Climate-oriented Design

作　　者：潘勇杰 张彤[1] 朱元祥 PAN Yongjie;ZHANG Tong;ZHU Yuanxiang

机构地区：[1]东南大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑师》2024年第5期97-107,共11页The Architect

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(“基于形式能量法则及其适应性分析的夏热冬冷地区建筑空间气候构型研究”项目批准号:52178007)资助;国家留学基金资助项目(202206090269);江苏省研究生科研与创新实践计划项目(批准号:KYCX21_0109)。

摘　　要：埃及建筑师哈桑·法赛作为发展中国家现代化进程中“地区建筑师”的代表,致力于以低成本方案营造符合地区经济并提升生活质量的本土化环境。他通过对乡土建筑气候调适路径的科学评估和要素分离,以建筑构形而不只是依赖动力设备来调适气候与身体之间的平衡,探索出一条兼顾舒适和现代的埃及建筑发展之路。本文通过对哈桑·法赛建筑气候设计思想和实践的考证,以其设计中三个常见的乡土范型为线索,揭示其形式操作背后的在地智慧和技术逻辑;以此对当代绿色建筑发展地域化转向下建筑形式生成的范式、技术与方法提供借鉴。Egyptian architect Hassan Fathy,as a representative of“regionalist architects”in the modernization process of developing countries,was committed to creating localized environments with low-cost solutions that are aligned with the regional economy and enhance the quality of life.By scientifically evaluating and separating the elements of the vernacular building’s climate adaptation strategies,he revitalized the sensitivity,adaptability and adjustability of the building form in terms of external energy and human response,exploring a way to balance comfort and modernity in the development of Egyptian architecture.This paper is devoted to present a retrospection of theories and programs of Hassan Fathy in a view of climate-oriented Design.Taking three commonly used vernacular paradigms in his design as clues,the local wisdom and technical logic behind the configuration are revealed,which is an extraordinary inspirer to the paradigms,techniques and methods of architectural formation under the regional transformation of contemporary green building development.

关 键 词：乡土建筑 哈桑·法赛 建筑气候设计 捕风塔 遮阳窗 拱顶与圆顶 

分 类 号：TU-02[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU20