压缩机房掺氢天然气泄漏扩散/积聚特性数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of diffusion/accumulation characteristics of hydrogen-blended natural gas leakage in compressor room

作　　者：支树洁 彭世垚 周芮 薛仕龙 徐海峰 刘罗茜 张小斌[2] 柴冲 Zhi Shujie;Peng Shiyao;Zhou Rui;Xue Shilong;Xu Haifeng;Liu Luoqian;Zhang Xiaobin;Chai Chong(General Research Institute of China Pipeline Network Group in Langfang,Langfang 065000,China;Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团科学技术研究总院分公司,廊坊065000 [2]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,杭州310027

出　　处：《低温工程》2024年第5期32-40,共9页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(SQ2022YFB4002900)。

摘　　要：基于计算流体力学方法,构建了多组分扩散非稳态三维数值模型,用以研究压缩机房室内掺氢天然气泄漏扩散、积聚特性。模拟结果显示,3 MPa压力下,掺氢比从10%增加到20%、30%后,达到报警浓度的时间从490 s降至437 s、397 s,到达燃爆下限的时间从2 859 s降至2 742 s、2 560 s;掺氢比30%情况下,压力从3 MPa升至3.5 MPa、4 MPa,达到报警浓度的时间从397 s降至367 s、348 s,到达燃爆下限的时间从2 560 s降至2 400 s、2 306 s。掺氢比增加导致氢气的“携带”作用增强,扩散速度增加,管道压力增加导致泄漏量增加,因此二者增加导致达到报警浓度和燃爆下限的时间缩短。泄漏方向的改变使得掺氢天然气遇到障碍物的几率改变,遇到障碍物导致气体扩散受阻,更易积聚,该处危险性增加。泄漏500 s后,底部掺氢天然气浓度为顶部的91%,而在1 000 s、2 000 s后,底部浓度约为顶部的95%、97.5%,因此顶部的传感器的布置使得响应速度加快,防止持续泄漏导致整个空间的危险性增加。考虑到泄漏位置、方向的不确定性,应当在靠近压缩机的区域进行密集布置,而在远离的区域稀疏布置。Based on the computational fluid dynamics method,a multicomponent diffusion unsteady state three-dimensional numerical model is constructed to study the diffusion and accu-mulation characteristics of hydrogen-blended natural gas leakage in the compressor room.The simulation results show that under 3 MPa pressure,after the hydrogen blending ratio increases from 10%to 20%and 30%,the time to reach the alarm concentration decreases from 490 s to 437 s and 397 s.And the time to reach the lower limit of ignition and detonation decreases from 2859 s to 2742 s and 2560 s;under the hydrogen blending ratio of 30%.The pressure rises from 3 MPa to 3.5 MPa and 4 MPa,and the time to reach the alarm concentration decreases from 397 s to 367 s,348 s,the time to reach the lower limit of combustion from 2560 s to 2400 s,2306 s.An increase in the hydrogen blending ratio leads to hydrogen“carry”to enhance the role of increased diffusion rate increases,the increase in pipeline pressure leads to an increase in the amount of leakage,so the two increases lead to reaching the lower limit of the alarm concentration and combustion shorten the time.The change in the direction of leakage makes the hydrogen-blended natural gas encounter obstacles to change the chance of encountering obstacles to cause the gas diffusion is blocked,more likely to accumulate,and the danger of the place to increase.After 500 s of leakage,the concentration of hydrogen-blended natural gas at the bottom is 91%of that at the top,while after 1000 s and 2000 s,the concentration at the bottom is about 95%and 97.5%of that at the top,so the arrangement of the sensors at the top allows for a faster response and prevents the continuous leakage from leading to an increase in the danger of the whole space.Considering the uncertainty of the location and direction of the leak,it should be arranged densely in the area close to the compressor and sparsely in the area far away from it.

关 键 词：掺氢 天然气 CFD 泄漏 扩散 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]