不同种稻年限苏打盐碱土剖面性状及有机碳分布特征  

Profile morphology and organic carbon distribution of saline-sodic soil in different rice planting years

作　　者：臧金宇 刘金华[1] 刘胜楠[1] 王楠[1] 赵兴敏[1] 赵兰坡[1] 王鸿斌[1] ZANG Jinyu;LIU Jinhua;LIU Shengnan;WANG Nan;ZHAO Xingmin;ZHAO Lanpo;WANG Hongbin(College of Resource and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases in Jilin Province,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,长春130118

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第3期169-177,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：吉林省重大科技专项课题(20200503004SF);国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0300201)。

摘　　要：以不同种稻年限苏打盐碱土为研究对象,开展种稻年限对苏打盐碱土剖面形态及有机碳分布和稳定性的影响研究。通过田间试验,以未开垦盐碱地、分别种植水稻1年、5年、10年、15年、20年、40年的苏打盐碱土为研究对象,对其剖面性状、pH值、微团聚体含量及微团聚体中有机碳分布特征、易氧化有机碳含量等指标进行测定并分析。结果表明:与未开垦盐碱地相比,种稻后苏打盐碱土耕作层的颜色暗度随年限增加而加深,各剖面土壤大多呈粒状和棱柱状,土壤的结持性均变疏松。未开垦盐碱地与种稻后苏打盐碱土的碳酸盐含量均较高,各剖面中石灰反应程度不同。种稻后,苏打盐碱土各土层的pH值均有不同程度的降低。在土壤微团聚体中,0.05—0.25 mm的大微团聚体含量最高,种稻使该粒级团聚体分解成<0.05mm的小微团聚体。种稻1—5年,小微团聚体有机碳含量有所增加;种稻10—40年,有机碳富集在大微团聚体中。种稻后,土壤各层次易氧化有机碳含量逐年增加,氧化稳定系数值均低于未开垦盐碱地的。耕作层、亚表层及渗育层中氧化稳定系数分别在种稻40年、种稻15年、及种稻10年达到最小值。总之,长期种稻不仅改良了苏打盐碱土结构,降低其pH值及有机碳的稳定性,还使土壤小微团聚体含量及大微团聚体有机碳含量增加。Saline-sodic soil with different rice planting years was selected to study the effect of rice planting years on profile morphology of saline-sodic soil and the distribution and stability of organic carbon.Through field experiment,the uncultivated saline-sodic soil and the saline-sodic soil which were cultivated for 1 year,5 years,10 years,15 years,20 years and 40 years in the uncultivated were selected as the research object.The profile morphology,pH value,content of micro-aggregates,distribution characteristics of organic carbon in micro-aggregates and content of easily oxidized organic carbon were measured and analyzed.The results showed that compared with the uncultivated saline-sodic soil,the color darkness of the soil tillage layer was deepened with the increase of years.The soil in each section was mostly granular and prismatic.The soil resistance became loose.Both the uncultivated saline-sodic soil and the saline-sodic soil after planting rice had higher carbonate content,and the lime reaction degree was different in each profile.The pH value of each layer of saline-sodic soil was reduced at different degrees.Among the micro-aggregates,the content of large micro-aggregates with a grain size of 0.05 mm-0.25 mm was the greatest,and the grain size aggregates were decomposed into micro-aggregates<0.05 mm by rice planting.From 1 to 5 planting years,the organic carbon content in small micro-aggregates was increased,and from 10 to 40 planting years,the organic carbon concentrated in large micro-aggregates.The content of easily oxidized organic carbon of saline-sodic was promoted with the increase of rice planting years.Compared with the uncultivated saline-sodic soil,the oxidative stability coefficient of easily oxidized organic carbon in saline-sodic after rice planting was lower.The oxidation stability coefficients of tillage layer,subsurface layer and infiltration layer reached the minimum values at 40 years,15 years and 10 years of rice planting,respectively.In conclusion,long-term rice planting not only impr

关 键 词：种稻年限 苏打盐碱土 剖面形态 易氧化有机碳 微团聚体 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]