沉水植物腐解的生态学效应及影响因素研究进展  

Research progress on ecological effects and influencing factors of decomposing submerged plants

作　　者：郭质彬 周昕彦 曹玉成[1] GUO Zhibin;ZHOU Xinyan;CAO Yucheng(College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Linan Zhejiang 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第3期243-250,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项重点社会发展项目(2015C03007);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C03121);浙江省“三农六方”科技协作项目(CTZBF170623LWZ-SNY1)。

摘　　要：沉水植物的生长具有周期性,其衰亡腐败会释放大量营养元素引发水体污染。结合当前国内外研究现状,总结了沉水植物腐解的生态学效应及其影响因素。沉水植物腐解程度较高,过程中会释放大量碳、氮、磷,并在植物体、上覆水和底泥当中迁移转化,改变水体营养环境,引起微生物群落结构的变化。影响沉水植物腐解的因素主要分为生物因素和非生物因素,前者包括沉水植物的生物量、碳氮比、底栖动物扰动和微生物作用,其中微生物是影响腐解进程的主控因子;后者包括温度、溶解氧、酸碱度、盐度等。同时提出了未来的研究方向,以期为沉水植物修复技术的生态管理提供科学依据。Submerged plants grow periodically.Decomposition of submerged plants can release a lot of nutrients,which may result in water contamination.Based on current status of global research,the ecological effects of decomposition of submerged plants are concluded.The decomposition rate of submerged plant is generally high,and a large amount of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus can be released during decomposition.These elements are migrated and transformed among the plant body,overlying water and sediment,which may shift the nutrient level of aquatic environment and the structure of microbial community.Furthermore,the main influencing factors affecting decomposition of submerged plants are also summarized,including biotic factors and abiotic factors.Biotic factors contain biomass,C/N ratio of submerged plants,disturbance of benthic animals and the role of microorganisms,among which microorganisms are the main factor governing the decomposition process.Abiotic factors include temperature,dissolved oxygen,pH and salinity.Finally,future research directions are proposed to provide scientific basis for the ecological management of submerged phytoremediation technology.

关 键 词：沉水植物 腐解 营养元素 影响因素 微生物 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]