黄土区排土场复垦初期不同恢复模式下土壤生态化学计量特征  

Soil ecological stoichiometry characteristics under different restoration models in the initial reclamation stage of dump in Loess Area

作　　者：王东丽 徐源 于百和 赵晓亮 连昭 谢伟 郭建军 胡澍 WANG Dongli;XU Yuan;YU Baihe;ZHAO Xiaoliang;LIAN Zhao;XIE Wei;GUO Jianjun;HU Shu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Mine Major Disaster Prevention and Environmental Restoration,Fuxin 123000,China;Shendongtianlong Group Corporation Ltd.of Inner Mongolia,Ordos 017000,China;College of Life Sciences,Northwestern University,Xi'an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,阜新123000 [2]矿山重大灾害防治与环境修复协同创新中心,阜新123000 [3]内蒙古神东天隆集团股份有限责任公司,鄂尔多斯017000 [4]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第4期166-175,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41907044);矿山重大灾害防治与环境修复协同创新中心开放课题(CXZX-2024-14);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(201701024)。

摘　　要：为探究黄土区排土场在复垦初期不同植被恢复模式下土壤的养分状况与限制性,在内蒙古武家塔排土场选取恢复年限3—4 a的苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)、大叶槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、竹柳(Bamboo willow)和新疆杨(Populus bolleana)6种植被恢复模式作为研究对象,以新排土为对照,研究其土壤碳氮磷含量与生态化学计量特征及关系。结果表明:不同恢复模式土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量分别变化在2.83—4.52 g·kg^(-1)、0.13—0.21 g·kg^(-1)和0.05—0.17 g·kg^(-1),除苜蓿土壤全氮和苜蓿、刺槐土壤全磷外,其余恢复模式下土壤养分含量均高于新排土;其中土壤有机碳在刺槐和苜蓿模式下较高,在沙棘模式下较低,而全氮与全磷均反之,各恢复模式下土壤全磷含量均较低;各恢复模式下土壤有机碳和土壤全氮均呈现出不同程度的表聚现象,而土壤全磷在垂直土层变化不明显。各恢复模式下土壤C/N、C/P和N/P分别变化在13.68—30.69、19.30—106.60和1.13—3.61;苜蓿和刺槐恢复模式下的土壤C/N、C/P和N/P整体表现为高于其他模式且在垂直土层变化差异较大。研究区复垦初期土壤有机碳和全氮整体与土壤各养分及化学计量比紧密相关,土壤C/N、C/P更易受土壤有机碳影响,土壤N/P更易受土壤磷的影响。苜蓿和刺槐恢复模式土壤有机质矿化率低,受磷限制性大,需及时补充磷肥,而新疆杨恢复模式需补充氮肥。In order to explore the soil nutrient status and limitation of waste dump in loess area under different vegetation restoration modes at the initial stage of reclamation,6 vegetation restoration models of Medicago sativa,Hippophae rhamnoides,Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Robinia pseudoacacia,Bamboo willow and Populus bolleana with restoration years of 3-4 years were selected as the research objects,while the new waste was selected as the control.The soil organic carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus content and ecological stoichiometric characteristics and their relationships were studied.The results showed that the contents of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 2.83-4.52 g·kg^(-1),0.13-0.21 g·kg^(-1) and 0.05-0.17 g·kg^(-1) respectively.Except for soil total nitrogen of M.sativa and soil total phosphorus of M.sativa and R.pseudoacacia,the soil nutrient contents of other restoration models were higher than that in new waste dump.Soil organic carbon of R.pseudoacacia and M.sativa modes were higher while that of H.rhamnoides mode was lower,but soil,total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus were on the contrary.The content of soil total phosphorus was low under each restoration mode.Soil organic carbon and soil total nitrogen showed different degrees of surface accumulation under each restoration mode while the change of soil total phosphorus in vertical soil layer was not obvious.Soil C/N,C/P and N/P were 13.68-30.69,19.30-106.60 and 1.13-3.61 under each restoration mode respectively.There were significant differences between the soil C/N,C/P and N/P of M.sativa and R.pseudoacacia restoration mode in vertical soil layers,which were higher than those in other modes.The correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were closely related to soil nutrients and stoichiometric ratio.Soil C/N and C/P were more vulnerable to soil organic carbon,while soil N/P was more susceptible to soil phosphorus in the early stage of reclamation.In conclusion,the M.sativa and R.pseudoacacia restora

关 键 词：露天煤矿 土壤改良 植被恢复 养分限制 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]