含偶氮苯基团的季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and properties of quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactant containing azobenzene group

作　　者：韦真杰 李杰[1] 白璐[2] 魏欣 孙梓琪 WEI Zhenjie;LI Jie;BAI Lu;WEI Xin;SUN Ziqi(Schoolof Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Luliang Oilfield Operation Area,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石油新疆油田分公司陆梁油田作业区,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《化工科技》2024年第5期1-6,共6页Science & Technology in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51674085)。

摘　　要：以对硝基苯酚、环氧氯丙烷、长链叔胺为主要原料,合成了一种含有偶氮苯基团的季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂(2C_(12)QAzo)。采用FTIR、1H NMR和紫外光谱对2C_(12)QAzo进行了结构表征,结果表明目标产物的实际结构与理论结构相一致。通过Wilhelmy法和电导率法测定了紫外光照射前、后2C_(12)QAzo溶液的表面活性,并计算其热力学参数。结果表明,紫外光的照射可使目标产物表面活性发生改变,2C_(12)QAzo分子结构由线性的反式构型转变为弯曲的顺式构型;ΔG°mic<0,说明2C_(12)QAzo分子的胶束化过程可自发进行。动态光散射表明,反式2C_(12)QAzo分子在溶液中倾向于形成大的聚集体(囊泡),紫外光照射后,转变为顺式2C_(12)QAzo分子倾向于形成小的聚集体(胶束)。Quaternary ammonium gemini surfactant(2C_(12)QAzo)containing azobenzene group was synthesized from p-nitrophenol,epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyldodecylamine.The molecular structure of 2C_(12)QAzo was characterized by FTIR,1H NMR and ultraviolet spectroscopy,and the actual structure of the target product is consistent with the theoretical structure.The surface activity of 2C_(12)QAzo solution before and after ultraviolet irradiation was determined by Wilhelmy method and conductivity method,and the related thermodynamic parameters were calculated.The experiment results show that the ultraviolet irradiation may result in the change of surface activities of 2C_(12)QAzo,which may be due to that the molecular structure of 2C_(12)QAzo is from linear trans-structure to curved cis-structure under ultraviolet irradiation.ΔG°mic values were less than 0,indicating that the micellar process of 2C_(12)QAzo molecules in aqueous solution may be spontaneous.The results of dynamic light scattering measurements show that trans-2C_(12)QAzo molecules in solution are inclined to form large aggregates(i.e.,vesicles),while the cis-2C_(12)QAzo molecules obtained by ultraviolet irradiation tend to form small aggregates(i.e.,micelles).

关 键 词：GEMINI表面活性剂 表面活性 偶氮苯基团 光异构化 

分 类 号：TQ423.1[化学工程]