船舶自动气象站动态对比观测研究  

Research on dynamic comparative observation of shipborne automatic meteorological station

作　　者：韩广鲁 邱实 张雪晗 任燕 Han Guanglu;Qiu Shi;Zhang Xuehan;Ren Yan(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong,Jinan 250031;Shandong Meteorological Project and Technology Center,Jinan 250031;Meteorological Observation Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,济南250031 [2]山东省气象工程技术中心,济南250031 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2024年第5期28-32,共5页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MD052);中国气象局气象探测中心观测试验项目(SY2022029)资助。

摘　　要：为了验证不同航行姿态下船舶自动气象站各要素观测数据的一致性,文章设计了海上航行对比观测试验方法。将船舶自动气象站按照一定规则固定在同一条测试船甲板上,被测试船按指定航线航行,获取不同航行姿态下船舶自动气象站实时观测数据,提出一种适用于海上航行对比观测的传感器观测数据一致性指标的计算方法,对风速、风向、气温、相对湿度、气压等传感器观测数据的一致性进行分析。试验结果表明,航行姿态的改变不会显著影响船舶自动气象站相对湿度、气压传感器的一致性指标,但会影响部分阶段的风速、气温传感器一致性指标并使风向传感器一致性指标发生偏离。研究结果对提高海上气象服务水平有积极作用。In order to verify the consistency of the observation data of various elements of the shipborne automatic meteorological station under different navigation attitudes,the article designed a comparative observation test method for maritime navigation.The shipborne automatic meteorological station is fixed on the deck of the same test ship according to certain rules.Fix the shipborne automatic weather station on the same test ship deck according to certain rules,and the tested ship navigates along the designated route to obtain real-time observation data of the shipborne automatic weather station under different navigation attitudes.Propose a calculation method for the consistency index of sensor observation data suitable for comparative observation of maritime navigation,and analyze the consistency of sensor observation data such as wind speed,wind direction,temperature,relative humidity,and air pressure.The experimental results indicate that changes in navigation attitudes do not significantly affect the consistency indicators of the relative humidity and air pressure sensors of the shipborne automatic weather station,but affect the consistency indicators of wind speed and temperature sensors in some stages and cause deviations in the consistency indicators of wind direction sensors.The research results have a positive impact on improving the level of maritime meteorological services.

关 键 词：船舶自动气象站 对比观测 动态测试 系统误差 一致性 

分 类 号：P414.53[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]