铜鼓短时强降水回波特征分析  

Analysis of echo characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall in Tonggu

作　　者：辛珂钰 廖满庭 张王鹏 李正陈 刘娟 Xin Keyu;Liao Manting;Zhang Wangpeng;Li Zhengchen;Liu Juan(Tonggu County Meteorological Bureau,Tonggu 336200)

机构地区：[1]铜鼓县气象局,铜鼓336200

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2024年第5期36-40,共5页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类-XDA19040202);国家自然科学基金项目(41975001);江西省宜春市气象科技项目“铜鼓大暴雨短时临近预报预警着眼点研究”(JXYC2022M10)资助。

摘　　要：为了做好铜鼓大暴雨和短时强降水监测预警工作,使用2013-2023年铜鼓大暴雨降水资料、天气形势、雷达回波等资料,采用统计分析、天气图中尺度分析和雷达回波分析等方法,对2013-2023年铜鼓大暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:2013-2023年铜鼓国家站大暴雨出现11次、高桥区域站4次、港口区域站4次,部分年份无大暴雨出现,短时强降水主要出现在03:00-09:00和11:00-17:00;铜鼓大暴雨天气形势上主要表现为200 hPa在赣西北为辐散分流区,500 hPa有低槽东移,850 hPa赣西北有切变线,低层为显著湿区,925 hPa和地面有辐合线;铜鼓大暴雨的回波形态是强回波短带,强回波短带强度比较强,一般为45~55 dBZ,有时能达到60 dBZ,回波长度比较短,但回波短带的降水效率较高,尤其是回波强度≥50 dBZ时,往往带来短时强降水;在预报服务中要特别注意回波短带的发展与演变。希望研究结果能为铜鼓大暴雨和短时强降水预报预警工作提供参考。In order to do a good job in monitoring and early warning of heavy rainstorm and short-time heavy rain in Tonggu,the precipitation data,weather situation,radar echo and other data of heavy rainstorm in Tonggu from 2013 to 2023 are used to analyze the process of heavy rainstorm in Tonggu from 2013 to 2023 by statistical analysis,mesoscale analysis of weather map and radar echo analysis.The results show that from 2013 to 2023,there will be 11 heavy rainstorm at Tonggu national station,4 at Gaoqiao regional station,and 4 at port regional station.In some years,there will be no heavy rainstorm,and short-term heavy rainfall will mainly occur at 03:0009:00 and 11:0017:00.The weather situation of Tonggu heavy rainstorm mainly shows that 200 hPa is a divergence and diversion area in northwest Jiangxi,500 hPa has a low trough moving eastward,850 hPa has a shear line in northwest Jiangxi,the lower level is a significant wet area,and 925 hPa has a convergence line with the ground.The echo form of Tonggu heavy rainstorm is a strong echo short band.The strength of the strong echo short band is relatively strong,generally 45~55 dBZ,sometimes 60 dBZ,and the echo length is relatively short.However,the precipitation efficiency of the echo short band is relatively high,especially when the echo strength is≥50 dBZ,it often brings short-term strong precipitation.Special attention should be paid to the development and evolution of echo short bands in forecasting services.It is hoped that the research results provide a reference for Tonggu heavy rainstorm and short-term heavy rainfall forecast and early warning.

关 键 词：铜鼓大暴雨 短时强降水 回波特征 

分 类 号：P458.12[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]