乌鲁木齐机场一次东南大风天气下风场特征分析  

Analysis of wind field characteristics in a southeast gale weather at Urumqi Airport

作　　者：丁旭 Ding Xu(Meteorological Center of Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau,Urumqi 830016)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空新疆空中交通管理局气象中心,乌鲁木齐830016

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2024年第5期45-49,共5页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：乌鲁木齐机场东南大风天气的航空气象预报与服务研究(202347)资助。

摘　　要：文章利用机场自动气象观测系统观测资料、激光测风雷达资料及ERA5再分析资料对2022-04-30-2022-05-02一次东南大风天气过程进行分析,利用现有的气象数据构建三维风场结构,研究风场时空变化规律和结构特征。结果表明:此次东南大风天气为前期回流型加后期锋前减压的典型形势,大风强度大且持续时间长;R07和R25号跑道两端风向变化小,风速变化大,水平方向风场变化不均匀;垂直方向上风向一致,风速变化快,大风层及强侧风层厚度大;目前可以利用现有风场资料构建机场低空三维风场变化模型,实时监测机场跑道及其上空风场变化情况,并对风场变化大、风速超标及风切变等危险天气进行告警,对飞行安全的保障有重要意义。希望研究结果能够提高对机场大风天气的预报预警能力。The article analyzes a southeast gale weather process from April 30,2022 to May 2,2022,using observation data from the airport automatic weather observation system,laser wind radar data,and ERA5 reanalysis data.A three-dimensional wind field structure is constructed using existing meteorological data to study the spatiotemporal variation laws and structural characteristics of the wind field.The results show that the southeast gale weather this time is a typical situation of early return type and later front pressure reduction,with strong wind intensity and long duration.Runway R07 and R25 have small changes in wind direction at both ends,large changes in wind speed,and uneven changes in the horizontal wind field.The wind direction in the vertical direction is consistent,the wind speed changes quickly,and the thickness of the strong wind layer and strong crosswind layer is large.At present,existing wind field data can be used to construct a low altitude three-dimensional wind field change model for airports,which can monitor the real time changes in the airport runway and its airspace wind field,and issue warnings for dangerous weather such as large wind field changes,excessive wind speed,and wind shear,which is of great significance for ensuring flight safety.It is hoped that the research results can improve the ability to forecast and warn of gale weather at airports.

关 键 词：东南大风 环流形势 水平风场 垂直风场 

分 类 号：P458.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]