“禅都”宜春寺院建筑空间形态研究  

Research on the Architectural Space Form of Yichun Temple in“Zen Capital”

作　　者：郑云扬[1] 柳天 杨通 Zheng Yunyang;Liu Tian;Yang Tong

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学土木与交通学院建筑系 [2]宜春袁州产业园管理委员会

出　　处：《城市建筑》2024年第21期14-19,共6页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：2021年江西省高校人文社科一般项目“宜春地区禅宗寺院建筑的历史演变及适应性更新研究”(JC21105)。

摘　　要：本研究在实地调研测绘9座典型禅寺的基础上,探讨了寺院建筑的相地选址及空间形态特征。研究表明:古时宜春地区特有的政治、经济地理环境为禅宗的兴起和发展奠定了基础,其发展历经唐代兴起、宋元发展、明清兴盛和晚清衰败;选址多遵循方位布局,顺应自然,类型分为山坡、山麓和平原,朝向多坐北朝南;建筑空间形态整体分为前导空间、主体空间和附属空间,布局方式则为院落式(75%)、自由式(18%)和其他布局(7%),空间序列包含“起—承—转—合”且与寺院规模有关,空间模数D/H值集中于1~2,视线角度在22°~45°,院落空间与建筑的结合可分为集中式和分散式,主体空间布局的围合方面多为游廊式和庭院式。Based on the field survey and mapping of 9 typical Zen temples,this paper discusses the site selection and spatial morphological characteristics of temple buildings.The research shows that the unique political and economic geographical environment of Yichun in the ancient times provided the basis for the rise and development of Zen Buddhism,which experienced the rise in the Tang Dynasty,the development in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,the prosperity in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and the decline in the late Qing Dynasty.The site selection mostly follows the geomantic omen and conforms to the nature,and the types are divided into hillsides,foothills and plains,with the orientation mostly facing north and south.The overall space form of the building is divided into leading,main and auxiliary,and the layout is courtyard style(75%),free style(18%)and other layouts(7%).The space sequence includes“starting-bearing-transferring–combining”and is related to the scale of the temple.The space modulus D/H values are concentrated between 1 and 2,and the visual angle is between 22°and 45°.The combination of courtyard space and architecture can be divided into centralized and decentralized.The enclosure of the main space layout is mostly corridor type and courtyard type.

关 键 词：佛教 禅宗寺院 建筑空间形态 空间布局 

分 类 号：TU252[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]