公差与私情:清代运铅官赵亨钤的铅务关系网络  

Official Business and Private Affection:The Network of Lead Affairs Relationship of Zhao Hengqian,a Lead Transport Official in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：易艳丽 Yi Yanli

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2024年第2期75-91,M0005,共18页Journal of Modern Chinese History

摘　　要：“黔铅京运”指由贵州巡抚委派本省州县官员作为运员运解京铅,是清朝一项大型资源运输工程,对清中后期的经济发展和军事建设具有重要意义。贵州古州厅同知赵亨钤于道光二十三年(1843)七月奉委运解京铅,自贵州出发,途经四川、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、山东、直隶等省。其运铅途中所作《铅差日记》,直观地展示出运铅官在办理铅务时与贵州上级官吏和朝廷、沿途地方官和同行运员、船户和水手等人的铅务关系网络,昭示了铅差难办的事实,亦显露出清朝官僚体制中阶序等级森严、营私舞弊等问题和底层民众在生存困境下对官方制度的因应策略。日记所载的日常反映出人物性格的多面性和制度运行的复杂性,也表明“公”与“私”之间绝非清晰可分的畛域。The“Guizhou Lead Transportation to Beijing”was a large-scale resource transportation project during the Qing Dynasty,which was of great significance for the economic development and military construction in the middle and later stages of the Qing Dynasty.Officials from the prefectures,and counties were dispatched by the Guizhou Governor’s Committee to transport the lead from Guizhou to Beijing.In July of the 23rd year of the Daoguang reign,Zhao Hengqian,an official of the Guzhou Department in Guizhou,was commissioned to transport the lead to Beijing.He departed from Guizhou and passed through provinces such as Sichuan,Hubei,Jiangxi,Anhui,Jiangsu,Shandong,and Zhili.Zhao Hengqian’s“Lead Work Diary”during the transportation of lead vividly displays the network of lead affairs between the lead transportation officials and higher-level officials and the court in Guizhou,as well as local officials and fellow transporters along the way,shipowners,and sailors.It highlights the fact that lead work is difficult to handle,as well as the strict hierarchy and corruption in the Qing Dynasty’s bureaucratic system,as well as the response strategies of the lower class people to the official system in the face of survival difficulties.The daily life recorded in the diary reflects the multifaceted nature of the characters’personalities and the complexity of institutional operations,indicating that there is no clear boundary between“official business”and“private affection”.

关 键 词：赵亨钤 铅差日记 黔铅京运 铅务关系网络 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]