不同类型炸药近场水下爆炸下固支方板动态响应研究  

STUDY ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CLAMPED SQUARE PLATES UNDER NEAR-FIELD UNDERWATER EXPLOSION WITH DIFFERENT EXPLOSIVES

作　　者：赖志超 邓硕 秦健 迟卉 孟祥尧 文彦博 黄瑞源 LAI Zhi-chao;DENG Shuo;QIN Jian;CHI Hui;MENG Xiang-yao;WEN Yan-bo;HUANG Rui-yuan(College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350116,China;Naval Research Academy,Beijing 101612,China;Research Institution of Chemical Defense,Beijing 102205,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学土木工程学院,福建福州350116 [2]海军研究院,北京101612 [3]防化研究院,北京102205

出　　处：《工程力学》2024年第11期179-194,共16页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12172178)。

摘　　要：该文开展了2.5 g TNT、RDX和B炸药在固支方板底部近距离起爆的水下爆炸试验,研究了固支方板在水下爆炸冲击波、气泡脉动、水射流载荷共同作用下的动态响应。试验结果表明:含能较低的TNT炸药使方板呈现整体上凸式永久变形,含能较高的B炸药和RDX炸药会使方板呈现中部上凸、边部下凹式永久变形。为了进一步探讨不同炸药对固支方板的毁伤特性,通过ABAQUS软件对水下爆炸全过程进行数值模拟,数值模拟结果显示:在气泡膨胀的过程中,气泡内部压力逐渐小于大气压力,固支方板在压力差的作用下向下凹陷,接着在气泡脉动和水射流的联合作用下向上凸起,在不同类型炸药产生的气泡作用下方板凸起过程中动态响应的差异是其呈现不同毁伤形态的根本原因。仿真结果还显示,固支方板的最大等效塑性应变发生在固支边界处;增加板厚可有效防止固支方板发生中凸边凹式变形。该文的工作可为水下战斗部设计提供参考。Underwater explosion tests were performed beneath the clamped square plates using 2.5 g TNT,RDX,and B explosive.The dynamic responses of the plate were investigated under the joint actions of underwater explosive shock wave,bubble pulsation,and water jet load.The results show that:lower energy TNT causes permanent convex deformation integrally on the square plate,whereas higher energy explosives B and RDX cause permanent convex deformations on the middle-upper side and a concave deformation on the plate’s edge.To further investigate the damage characteristics of clamped square plate caused by different explosives,numerical simulation was performed using Abaqus.The results show that:during the process of bubble’s expansion,its internal pressure gradually drops to a lower level than the atmosphere pressure,resulting in a pressure difference and concave deformation of the plate.The steel plate then rebounds as a result of the combined action of bubble pulsation and water jet.Different explosives show different bubble effect during the process of plate rebounding,which is the primary reason for the various damage forms.Increasing the plate thickness effectively prevents the clamped square plate’s middle convex side concave deformation.This work can be employed to design underwater warheads.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 高速摄像 固支方板 塑性大变形 数值模拟 

分 类 号：O383.1[理学—流体力学]