基于多级电容电场感应取能周期性供电电源的优化设计方法  

Optimization Design Method for Periodic Power Supply Based on Multi-Stage Capacitor Electric Field Energy Harvesting

作　　者：王维[1,2] 任翰林 许晨进 段名荣 Wang Wei;Ren Hanlin;Xu Chenjin;Duan Mingrong(NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,China;Jiangsu Provincial Integrated Energy Equipment and Integration International Joint Laboratory,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学南瑞电气与自动化学院,南京210046 [2]江苏省综合能源设备及集成国际联合实验室,南京210046

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第20期6282-6292,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51807095);江苏省333高层次人才培养工程专项(3-16-292);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(22KJB470021)资助。

摘　　要：电场能因具有供能稳定的特点可作为输变电设备上在线监测设备的可靠供电来源,但在实际应用场景中存在因取能功率密度低而使在线监测装置工作间歇时间较长的问题。针对该问题,该文提出一种基于多级电容的电场感应取能电源结构及控制方式,协调各级取能电容充放电工作模式,并通过采用多绕组变压器能量传输媒介、优化配置取能电源关键参数,有效降低装置损耗与体积,提升能量转移效率。最终通过实验测试可在高压电场下进行能量采集,当采用两级取能电路进行取能的情况下,通过优化关键取能参数使得每周期取能能量可达226 mJ,工作时间增加至优化前的2.11倍,可满足无线电流传感器工作1.648 s,发送3次在线监测数据。With the development of the smart grid,a large number of new sensors have entered the power system,taking an essential part in the online monitoring system of the power grid.On the sensor power supply source,the drawbacks of the traditional power supply mode can be effectively solved by utilizing environmental energy to supply online monitoring devices.Electric field energy has a stable energy supply,which can be used as a reliable power source for online monitoring devices of power transmission and transformation equipment.However,in practical applications,due to the low power consumption of electric field-induction energy harvesting methods,the intermittent time of online monitoring devices is long.This paper proposed a structure and control method for the electric-field energy harvesting power source based on the multi-stage capacitor to reduce device losses and volume and improve energy transfer efficiency.Firstly,the disconnector is selected as a practical application scenario.By constructing an equal-scale finite element model,the influence of the area and installation position of the energy harvesting electrode on the energy harvesting performance is obtained.Secondly,the structure of the electric field energy harvesting circuit for multi-stage capacitors and its working logic are introduced.This circuit operates in a periodic mode.When using two-stage energy harvesting capacitors,each working cycle can be divided into three stages:the charging stage,the first-stage capacitor discharge stage,and the second-stage capacitor discharge stage.When the second stage energy harvesting capacitor is discharged,it enters the next work cycle.Thirdly,by simplifying the equivalent circuit of the discharge circuit of the energy harvesting capacitor and solving the state equation of the circuit in parallel,the energy transfer efficiency expression for each stage of energy harvesting capacitor discharge is obtained.Finally,the capacitance values of the energy harvesting capacitor and energy storage capacitor are selected b

关 键 词：在线监测 电场取能 隔离开关 充放电控制 无线电流传感器 

分 类 号：TM72[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]