燃弧过程中真空旋转电弧轨迹追踪与特性  

Tracking and Characterization of Vacuum Rotating Arc Trajectories during Arc-Firing Process

作　　者：生鑫 李争博[1] 付思[1] 曹云东[1] Sheng Xin;Li Zhengbo;Fu Si;Cao Yundong(Key Lab of Special Electric Machine and High Voltage Apparatus State Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学特种电机与高压电器教育部重点实验室,沈阳110870

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第20期6553-6563,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51977132);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKMZ20220513)资助。

摘　　要：控弧的目的是使电弧平稳、快速地离开触头表面,从而有利于提高真空开关的开断能力。不同控弧措施对真空电弧燃弧过程有不同的影响。触头旋转影响真空电弧燃弧期间的弧根状态,进而改变真空电弧在触头表面及触头间的运动特性。该文基于可拆卸式真空灭弧室和非对称平板触头进行了直拉、旋转分离方式下的电弧拉弧实验。使用高速摄相机采集燃弧过程中不同分离方式的真空电弧图像。利用Lucas-Kanade光流法目标追踪技术对真空电弧标定,追踪到真空电弧运动轨迹。通过图像处理技术,得到触头不同分离方式下真空电弧运动轨迹和触头之间的电弧面积,进而得到电弧特性的演变过程。分析结果表明,在相同实验条件下,触头旋转分离加速真空电弧由限制型电弧向扩散型电弧转变,导致扩散型电弧沿径向运动范围增大,使电弧能量尽快消散。The entire arcing process of a vacuum arc can be divided into three stages:arc initiation stage,arc development stage,and arc extinction stage.Different arc control measures have varying effects on the arcing process.Contact rotation influences the arc root state during the ignition of the vacuum arc,thereby altering the motion characteristics of the vacuum arc both on the contact surface and in the inter-contact region.Introducing rotational motion to the conventional mechanically linear-motion-based vacuum switch electrode system enhances the activity of the arc between the contacts.This rapidly transforming the characteristics of the vacuum arc leads to a more efficient dissipation of arc energy within a limited space.The Lucas-Kanade optical flow method is used to track the root position of the arc on the contact surface during the contacts separation scenarios.By analyzing voltage and current curves,the relationship between arc trajectory and arc characteristic transitions is derived.Firstly,this paper presents a vacuum arc trajectory tracking technique founded upon the Lucas-Kanade optical flow method.Position changes of the arc in the next frame are determined by analyzing pixel point variations in arc images between adjacent frames.Secondly,both straight-pull and rotational arcs using the constructed contact-rotation vacuum arc experiment system were conducted.Thirdly,external to the vacuum chamber,inclined-angle recordings were conducted to capture motion images of the vacuum arc root.These images were obtained using an asymmetric contact structure(with a static contact diameter of 15mm and a moving contact diameter of 45 mm).Target tracking technique is applied to monitor the motion trajectory of the vacuum arc.Finally,a comparative analysis of the motion trajectories and area variations of the vacuum arc under both straight-pull and rotational operations is conducted using a colorimetric temperature measurement method.The research conclusions reveal that:(1)During the rapid drop phase in arc current,th

关 键 词：真空电弧 旋转分离 运动轨迹 电弧特性 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]