新生儿听力筛查结果调查及假阳性率分析  

Investigation of neonatal hearing screening results and analysis of false positive rate

作　　者：刘雅琳 戴亚端 林丽媛 石慧 陈淑卿 LIU Yalin;DAI Yaduan;LIN Liyuan;SHI Hui;CHEN Shuqing(Department of Obstetrics,Ward N7,Chengdong Branch,Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Province,Fujian,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省泉州市第一医院城东院区N7区产科,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2024年第19期114-117,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：福建省泉州市科技计划项目(2018N076S)。

摘　　要：目的调查新生儿听力筛查结果,识别假阳性的高危因素并分析产生假阳性率的原因。方法回顾分析2021年1月至2022年1月于福建省泉州市第一医院产科分娩的2819例新生儿的临床治疗和听力筛查信息,比较初次筛查未通过者的高危因素差异,分析初次筛查未通过的原因并提出解决方案。结果2819例新生儿初次筛查通过者2727例,通过率为96.7%。正常体重儿和超重儿的初筛率通过率高于低体重儿;足月儿的通过率高于早产儿;宫内窘迫儿初筛通过率低于正常新生儿;发生窒息的新生儿通过率低于正常新生儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。42 d后92例新生儿接受复筛,通过复筛者89例,通过率为96.7%。最终确诊为先天性听力受损的新生儿为3例,初筛结果假阳性率为3.1%。初筛结果假阳性的原因主要有中耳道内有残积物;新生儿状态不佳如出现感冒、流涕、鼻塞等;探头因素如未正确放置探头、检查时受环境周围声音影响、左右耳听力存在差异等。结论早产、宫内窘迫、低体重、新生儿窒息是新生儿听力初筛假阳性的高发人群;筛查时需注意新生儿的身体状态,检查前做好新生儿耳道清理和严格遵守操作规范均有助于提高新生儿听力初次筛查的质量。Objective To investigate the results of neonatal hearing screening,so as to identify the highrisk factors of false positive and analyze the causes of false positive rate.Methods The clinical treatment and hearing screening information of 2819 neonates delivered in the Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Province from January 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The differences of high-risk factors of those who failed the initial screening were compared,the reasons for failing the initial screening were analyzed and the solutions were put forward.Results Of the 2819 neonates,2727 passed the initial screening,with a passing rate of 96.7%.The passing rates of initial screening rate of normal weight infants and overweight infants were higher than those of low weight infants.The passing rate of full-term infants was higher than that of premature infants.The pass rate of initial screening of intrauterine distress infants was lower than that of normal neonates.The passing rate of asphyxiated neonates was lower than that of normal neonates,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).After 42 days,92 neonates were re-screened,and 89 of them passed the re-screening,with a passing rate of 96.7%.3 neonates were finally diagnosed with congenital hearing impairment,and the false positive rate of the initial screening results was 3.1%.The main reason for the false positive results of the initial screening was the residue in the middle auditory canal.The neonates were in poor condition,such as cold,runny nose,stuffy nose and so on.There were probe factors such as improper placement of the probe.Some neonates were affected by ambient sound during the inspection.Meanwhile,there were also differences in hearing between the left and right ears.Conclusion Premature delivery,intrauterine distress,low weight and neonatal asphyxia are the high-risk groups of false positive in neonatal hearing screening.Attention should be paid to the neonates’physical condition during the screening.Cleaning the neonates’auditory

关 键 词：新生儿 听力筛查 线上孕妇学校 调查分析 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]