刺角瓜砧木抗性分析及其嫁接对甜瓜品质的影响  

The resistance analysis of Cucumis metuliferus and its effect of grafting on melon quality

作　　者：张浩 梁其干 张学军[1] 符小发[1] 陈积豪[1] 周勃[1] 黄远[2] ZHANG Hao;LIANG Qigan;ZHANG Xuejun;FU Xiaofa;CHEN Jihao;ZHOU Bo;HUANG Yuan(Hainan Sanya Crops Breeding Experiment Center of Xinjiang Academy Agricultural Sciences/Sanya Mingzhu Melon and Watermelon Variety Demonstration,Evaluation and Research Center,Sanya Hainan 572000,China;Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院海南三亚农作物育种试验中心/三亚明珠甜瓜西瓜展示评价研究中心,海南三亚572000 [2]华中农业大学,武汉430000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第8期1963-1968,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01B59);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干项目(xjnkq-2021011);海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021005);海南省院士创新平台;海南省院士创新平台科研专项资助(YSPTZX202141)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析人工接种南方根结线虫后,研究刺角瓜PI1029砧木的苯丙烷代谢抗性,鉴定各嫁接处理嫁接品质,筛选出抗南方根结线虫病综合性状优良的砧木组合,研究刺角瓜砧木抗性及嫁接对甜瓜品质的影响,筛选出刺角瓜砧木嫁接甜瓜优质品种。【方法】以刺角瓜ZM1、PI029为砧木分别嫁接甜瓜品种黄梦脆、纳斯蜜。在设施花盆栽培条件下分析不同嫁接组合产量品质特性,筛选出具有生产潜力的的优质嫁接组合。【结果】不同的刺角瓜种质资源与甜瓜嫁接对甜瓜品质差异明显,刺角瓜ZM1与纳斯蜜嫁接后成活率、可溶性固形物、果型指数最高,综合品质较好,但也存在皮厚肉薄的缺点。刺角瓜ZM1与纳斯蜜单瓜重最高。在南方根结线虫侵染后,刺角瓜根部多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、酪氨酸解氨酶(TAL)酶活测活性均显著升高。【结论】刺角瓜ZM1与纳斯蜜嫁接综合品质最优,单果重最高,其嫁接组合可在生产上推广。【Objective】To screen high-quality varieties of muskmelon grafted with thorny melon rootstocks combinations with excellent resistance to southern root knot nematode disease through artificial inoculation and identification of agronomic traits in the field and analyze the resistance of thorny melon rootstocks and the impact of grafting on the quality of muskmelonin the hope of promoting the development of pollution-free and high resistance muskmelon industry.【Methods】Using ZM1 and PI029 as rootstocks,the sweet melon varieties Huangmeng Crisp and Nasmi were grafted respectively,the yield and quality characteristics of different grafting combinations under facility pot cultivation conditions were analyzed,and high-quality grafting combinations suitable for production selected.【Results】There were significant differences in the quality of muskmelon between different germplasm resources and grafting of muskmelon.After grafting ZM1 and Nasmi,the soluble solids and fruit type index of muskmelon reached the highest,and the overall quality was desirable.However,there also remained shortcomings such as thicker skin and thinner flesh.ZM1 and Nasmi had the highest single melon weight and yield,which was beneficial for production and utilization.After the infection of southern root knot nematode,the activities of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL),and tyrosine ammonia lyase(TAL)in the roots of Cucurbita pepo were significantly increased.【Conclusion】The grafting quality of ZM1 and Nasmi is the best,the single fruit weight is the highest,so its grafting combination is conducive to the promotion in the production.

关 键 词：刺角瓜 甜瓜 苯丙烷代谢 品质 嫁接 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]