坡度对铁路隧道救援站火灾烟气蔓延特性影响研究  

Research on influence of slope on smoke spread characteristics in railway tunnel rescue stations fire

作　　者：周丹[1,2,3] 王鸿亿 张则栋 杜昊 ZHOU Dan;WANG Hongyi;ZHANG Zedong;DU Hao(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第10期182-189,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52072413);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ30744)。

摘　　要：为研究高海拔地区不同坡度条件下隧道紧急救援站火灾烟气蔓延特性,采用Fluent软件建立高海拔坡度铁路隧道紧急救援站列车火灾模型,通过分析救援站内烟气流速、温度等特征参数变化规律,探讨坡度变化对隧道救援站火灾烟气蔓延的影响。研究结果表明:列车停车时刻,随着隧道坡度由0‰变化至±30‰,隧道拱顶烟气流速峰值均逐渐减小。列车停车后,正坡度越大,烟气逆流流速峰值下降,烟气逆流长度越短;负坡度则与之相反。对于正坡度隧道,建议人员向火源的上游方向疏散逃生更安全;对于负坡度隧道而言,建议人员向火源的下游方向疏散逃生更安全。研究结果对高海拔隧道火灾防排烟系统设计以及人员疏散具有重要意义。To study the smoke spread characteristics of tunnel emergency rescue stations under different slopes in high altitude areas,the train fire model of railway tunnel emergency rescue station with high altitude slope was established by Fluent software,and the influence of slope change on smoke spread in tunnel rescue station fire was discussed by analyzing the variation law of characteristic parameters such as smoke velocity and temperature in tunnel rescue station.The results show that when the train stops,the peak velocity of smoke at tunnel vault gradually decreases with the change of tunnel slope from 0‰to±30‰.After the train stops,the greater the positive slope,the lower the peak velocity of smoke countercurrent,and the shorter the length of smoke countercurrent,while the negative slope is the opposite.For the tunnels with positive slope,it is suggested that it is safer for people to evacuate towards the upstream direction of fire source.For the tunnels with negative slope,it is suggested that it is safer for people to evacuate towards the downstream direction of fire source.The research results are of great significance to the design of fire smoke control system and personnel evacuation in high altitude tunnels.

关 键 词：隧道坡度 列车火灾 紧急救援站 烟气蔓延 高海拔 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U458.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]