呼吸防护口罩在高湿及有机溶剂环境中的过滤性能研究  

Study on filtration performance of respiratory protective masks in environments of high humidity and organic solvent

作　　者：周肖童 柳静献[1] 林秀丽[1] 王滨 何新宇 赫伟东 ZHOU Xiaotong;LIU Jingxian;LIN Xiuli;WANG Bin;HE Xinyu;HE Weidong(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第10期213-220,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52304210);辽宁省自然科学基金博士科研启动项目(2023-BSBA-105);中国博士后科学基金项目(2023M740545,2024T170110);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(N2301022)。

摘　　要：为探究呼吸防护口罩在高湿和有机溶剂中的可靠性,针对传统熔喷布口罩和PTFE覆膜口罩在高湿及有机溶剂环境中的阻力及过滤效率变化展开研究。研究结果表明:PTFE覆膜口罩和熔喷布口罩在高湿环境中过滤效率均有一定下降;在有机溶剂作用下,熔喷布口罩的过滤效率最大降幅为63.87%,而PTFE覆膜口罩变化较小,这主要是PTFE膜和熔喷布的电荷衰减导致的。此外,PTFE覆膜口罩和熔喷布口罩在常规环境中阻力无明显差异,但在高湿环境中测试3 h阻力最大值分别为2493 Pa和218 Pa,水蒸气凝结在PTFE膜表面并堵塞孔隙是主要原因,亲水纤维和口罩复合在短时间内能够减缓阻力增长。研究结果可为呼吸防护口罩的进一步完善与优化提供参考。In order to explore the reliability of respiratory protective masks in the high humidity and organic solvent environments,the variations in resistance and filtration efficiency of traditional melt-blown nonwoven masks and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)membrane coated masks in high humidity and organic solvent environments was studied.The results show that both the filtration efficiencies of PTFE membrane coated masks and melt-blown nonwoven masks decrease in the high humidity environment.Under the action of organic solvent,the maximum decrease in filtration efficiency of melt-blown nonwoven masks is 63.87%,while the variation of PTFE membrane coated masks is little,which are mainly caused by the charge attenuation of PTFE membrane and melt-blown nonwoven.Moreover,there is no significant difference in resistance between PTFE membrane coated masks and melt-blown nonwoven masks in the conventional environment,but the maximum resistance after testing 3 h in the high humidity environment are 2493 Pa and 218 Pa,respectively.The condensing of water vapor on the surface of PTFE membrane and blocking the pores are the main reasons,and the composite of hydrophilic fibers and mask can slow down the resistance growth in a short time.The research results can provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of respiratory protective masks.

关 键 词：口罩 聚四氟乙烯 熔喷布 高湿环境 过滤性能 有机溶剂环境 

分 类 号：X964[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TS174[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]