震后灾区应急通信系统搭建的关键技术  

Key Technologies of Building Emergency Communication System in Disaster Area after Earthquake

作　　者：李晓阳 谢恒义 寇曼曼 郭慧 李晓慧 韩贞辉 钟敏 LI Xiaoyang;XIE Hengyi;KOU Manman;GUO Hui;LI Xiaohui;HAN Zhenhui;ZHONG Min(Information Center of Henan Earthquake Agency,Zhengzhou 450016,China;Ministry of Emergency Management Big Data Center,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地震局信息中心,郑州450016 [2]应急管理部大数据中心,北京100013

出　　处：《电讯技术》2024年第10期1677-1683,共7页Telecommunication Engineering

基　　金：中国地震局地震应急青年重点任务(CEA_EDEM-20240103,CEAEDEM202314);国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3901204)。

摘　　要：大地震发生后通常会导致通信设施损坏,地面通信不畅甚至中断,给救灾工作的开展带来很大困难,因此需要建立可靠的现场应急通信网络。针对传统应急通信车通信手段单一、工作队协同通信难、灾区回传画面效果不佳等问题,研究了可以快速部署、运行稳定的应急通信方案,具体包括现场多种通信方式的融合、“最后一公里”通信能力的提升等。其中,现场通信融合调度中,测试了多种通信手段的通话效果,并能自由切换现场不同运营商网络,以满足现场通信需求;“最后一公里”通信能力提升中将无人机获取的画面作为一路信号接入到视频会议中,实现了同指挥中心之间图像、声音的实时传输。该方案能实现极端环境下的通信网络畅通,其中短波通信距离可达400 km;灾情获取方式能适应多种通信网络,传输帧率大于30 frame/s,画面清晰流畅。After a large earthquake,communication facilities are usually damaged and ground communication is not smooth or even interrupted,which will bring great difficulties to disaster relief work.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a reliable emergency communication network.To solve the problems such as single communication means of traditional emergency communication vehicle,difficult cooperative communication of teams and poor effect of returning pictures from disaster areas,an emergency communication scheme that can be rapidly deployed and run stably is studied.It includes the integration of various communication modes and the improvement of the“last kilometer”communication ability.In communication fusion scheduling,the communication effect of various communication means is tested,and can freely switch the networks of different operators to meet the requirements of earthquake site communication.In the“last kilometer”communication ability improvement,the drone image is connected to the video conference system as a signal to realize the interconnection between the earthquake site and the command center.This scheme can realize the smooth communication network in extreme environment,in which the short-wave communication distance can reach 400 kilometers.The disaster acquisition method can adapt to various communication networks,the transmission frame rate is greater than 30 frames per second,and the picture is clear and smooth.

关 键 词：地震灾区 应急通信网络 通信融合 “最后一公里”通信能力 

分 类 号：TN913.2[电子电信—通信与信息系统]