煤层气储层保护钻井液技术研究进展  

Research progress of drilling fluid technology for CBM reservoir protection

作　　者：白杨[1,2,3] 王路一 李翔 窦幻君 罗平亚 BAI Yang;WANG Luyi;LI Xiang;DOU Huanjun;LUO Pingya(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation.Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu.Sichuan 610500,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu.Sichuan 610500,China;National Engineering Research Center of Oil&Gas Drilling and Completion Technology,Beijing 102200,China;Korla Branch,CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学,四川省成都市610500 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院 [3]油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心 [4]中国石油渤海钻探工程有限公司库尔勒分公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第10期182-194,共13页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“深层页岩气水平井井壁岩石结构强化及调控机理研究”(编号:U23A2026)。

摘　　要：中国煤层气储层具有物性复杂、非均质性强、易发生损害等特征,因此增加了煤层气钻完井过程中储层保护的难度,在一定程度上影响煤层气产能的发挥及采收率的提高。为系统总结煤层气钻井液储层保护技术的发展现状,从敏感性损害、固相侵入损害、表面活性剂损害3个方面对煤层气井储层损害原因进行了分析,总结了近年来煤层气储层保护钻井液技术的研究进展及适用性,最后从深层煤岩储层应力敏感损害防治、长水平段固相堵塞防治、多类型可降解处理剂研发、钻井液参数优化与维护工艺4个方面对储层保护钻井液及处理剂的发展进行了展望。研究结果表明:①中国煤岩储层具有“三低”特性,主要存在敏感性损害(应力敏感、水敏)、固相侵入损害和表面活性剂损害;②为减少煤层气储层敏感性造成的损伤,可采用增强钻井液的封堵能力、优化钻井液的抑制能力、调节钻井液密度等方式;③固相侵入损害可通过减少钻井液中固相颗粒含量、阻止固相颗粒进入地层、增强钻井液的携带能力、应用可降解处理剂等方式解决;④表面活性剂对储层的伤害不容忽视,可以使用阳离子/非离子表面活性剂防止损害发生。结论认为,钻井液储层保护技术是深层煤岩气长水平井储层损害防治的关键技术,对煤层气经济化、清洁化开发及全流程绿色高效开发具有重要意义。The coalbed methane(CBM)reservoirs in China are characterized by complex physical property,strong heterogeneity and incidental damage,which increases the difficulty of reservoir protection in the process of CBM well drilling and completion and thus impacts CBM productivity and recovery to some extent.To systematically summarize the development status of the drilling fluid technology in CBM reservoir protection,this paper analyzes the reservoir damage causes of CBM well from the aspects of sensitivity damages,solid invasion damage and surfactant damage,summarizes the research progress and adaptability of the drilling fluid technology in CBM reservoir protection in recent years,and finally predicts the development trend of drilling fluid and treating agent for reservoir protection from four aspects,i.e.stress sensitivity damage prevention and control of deep coal reservoir,solid phase blockage prevention and control in long horizontal section,research and development of various degradable treating agents,and optimization and maintenance of drilling fluid parameters.The following results are obtained.First,coal reservoirs in China have"three-low"characteristics,which mainly include sensitivity damage(stress sensitive and water sensitive),solid invasion damage and surfactant damage.Second,the damage caused by CBM reservoir sensitivity can be reduced by strengthening the plugging capacity of drilling fluid,optimizing the inhibition capacity of drilling fluid,and adjusting the density of drilling fluid.Third,the solid invasion damage can be solved by reducing the content of solid particles in drilling fluid,preventing solid particles from entering the strata,strengthening the carrying capacity of drilling fluid,and adopting degradable treating agent.Fourth,the reservoir damage caused by surfactant shall not be neglected,and can be avoided by using cationic/nonionic surfactant.In conclusion,the drilling fluid technology in reservoir protection is the key technology to prevent and control the damage of long horizontal we

关 键 词：煤层气 储层损害 敏感性损害 钻井液 处理剂 现场应用 绿色高效开发 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TE258[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]