湖北南河国家级自然保护区及周边七子花群落特征与种群结构  

Community characteristics and population structure of Heptacodium miconioides Rehder within and around Nanhe National Nature Reserve,Hubei

作　　者：张东 宋帅帅 吴浩[2,3] 邓正群 史红文 宿秀江 李迪强 江明喜[2,3] 魏新增[2,3] Zhang Dong;Song Shuaishuai;Wu Hao;Deng Zhengqun;Shi Hongwen;Su Xiujiang;Li Diqiang;Jiang Mingxi;Wei Xinzeng(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology,Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Bureau of Hubei Nanhe National Nature Reserve,Gucheng,Hubei 441700,China;Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture,Wuhan 430081,China;Bureau of Hunan Baiyunshan National Nature Reserve,Baojing,Hunan 416500,China;Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,拉萨850000 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]湖北南河国家级自然保护区管理局,湖北谷城441700 [5]武汉市园林科学研究院,武汉430081 [6]湖南白云山国家级自然保护区管理局,湖南保靖416500 [7]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2024年第5期595-601,共7页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001225,31770572)。

摘　　要：七子花(Heptacodium miconioides Rehder)为我国特有的落叶灌木或小乔木,被列入国家重点保护野生植物名录和世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)受威胁植物名录。2022年8月,被认为在湖北消失115年的七子花,在谷城南河国家级自然保护区及其周边被重新发现。本研究以新发现的3个七子花种群(傅家寨、玉皇阁和李庙镇)为研究对象,分析其生境特征、伴生群落物种组成、种群结构和受威胁因素。分布区的植被为典型的落叶阔叶林,以小叶鹅耳枥(Carpinus stipulata H.J.P.Winkl.)、化香树(Platycarya strobilacea Siebold&Zucc.)、七子花和栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis Blume)为优势种。新发现种群共记录到151株七子花,基本都分布于海拔1000~1300 m的山脊或崖壁上。七子花的大小级结构图呈纺锤型,表明新发现种群为衰退型,实生苗更新不足。新发现的151株个体中有137株(91%)产生萌蘖,共产生936个萌蘖,平均每株6.83个。大量的萌蘖在很大程度上弥补了幼苗的不足,使该物种能够占领其生态位,利于种群的维持。新发现种群位于偏远山区的山脊和崖壁上,人为干扰较小,因此可以推测内因是其种群衰退的主要驱动力。建议对周边区域开展更大规模的调查,同时采用包括就地保护、人工扩繁、迁地保护和野外回归在内的整合保护计划加强对七子花的保护和可持续利用。Heptacodium miconioides Rehder(seven-son flower)is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is also included in the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in China.This shrub or small tree was first recorded in 1907 by Ernest Wilson in western Hubei,central China,and was later found in Zhejiang and Anhui.However,for the next 115 years,it was not observed in Hubei and was presumed to be locally extinct.In August 2022,the species was rediscovered in the Hubei Nanhe National Nature Reserve,approximately 100 km from its type locality.The discovery site is characterized by typical deciduous broad-leaved forest,dominated by Carpinus stipulata H.J.P.Winkl.,Platycarya strobilacea Siebold&Zucc.,H.miconioides,and Quercus variabilis Blume.Our surveys identified 151 individuals across three localities at elevations of 1000–1300 m.The size class structure(main stem)of the rediscovered populations is spindle-shaped,suggesting a decline due to insufficient seedling recruitment.Of the 151 newly discovered individuals,137(91%)produced a total of 936 suckers,averaging 6.83 suckers per plant.This prolific sprouting may compensate for the lack of seedlings,helping to maintain populations and enabling species persistence in the niche.As these populations are located in remote mountain ridges and cliffs with minimal human disturbance,the population decline may be driven primarily by internal factors.We recommend additional field surveys to identify potential undiscovered populations,alongside a comprehensive conservation plan,including in situ conservation,artificial cultivation of seedlings,ex situ conservation,and reintroduction efforts.

关 键 词：濒危植物 特有种 七子花 种群大小级结构 重新发现 物种组成 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]