2015-2022年四川省酸雨特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis on Characteristics and Influence Factors of Acid Rain Pollution in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：易灵 钟果 向秋实 段慧 YI Ling;ZHONG Guo;XIANG Qiushi;DUAN Hui(Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省生态环境监测总站,四川成都610000

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2024年第5期118-125,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：通过统计四川省2015—2022年降水监测数据,分析四川省酸雨变化规律、各离子成分特征,并对可能的影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:四川省降水酸度明显降低,酸雨污染逐步好转,酸雨频率由16.5%降至2.6%,SO_(4)^(2-)与NO_(3)^(-)当量浓度(离子质量浓度和离子价态的乘积与离子摩尔质量的比值)比从2015年2.4降至2022年的1.6。对比分析2016—2021年全省大气污染物排放量及排放源可知,NOx和SO_(2)的减排是近年来全省酸雨污染减轻的主要因素,四川省酸雨已由“十二五”的“硫酸型”为主逐步转变为“硫酸-硝酸混合型”。四川省酸雨污染具有明显的季节性特征,秋、冬季节是酸雨污染最明显的时期,控制这两季大气污染物排放对减轻酸雨污染具有重要作用。酸雨污染与地区经济发展仍有紧密联系,酸雨频率较高的区域主要是川南经济区和攀西经济区,NOx对酸雨的贡献越来越大,做好污染物源头治理对于防治和减轻区域酸雨有重要意义。Based on the statistics of precipitation monitoring data in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2022,the variation rules and ion component characteristics of acid rain were analyzed,and the possible influencing factors were discussed.The results showed that the precipitation acidity decreased significantly in Sichuan Province,and the acid rain pollution gradually improved,the frequency of acid rain decreased from 16.5%to 2.6%,and the ratio of SO_(4)^(2-) to NO_(3)^(-) equivalent concentration decreased from 2.4 in 2015 to 1.6 in 2022.Meanwhile,a comparative analysis of the emissions and sources of atmospheric pollutants in the Sichuan Province from the period of“12th Five-Year”concluded that the emission reduction of NOx and SO_(2)was the main factor to reduce the pollution of acid rain in Sichuan Province in recent years.Acid rain in Sichuan Province had gradually changed from“sulfuric acid predominated type”during 2011-2015 to“sulfuric and nitric mixed acid type”.Acid rain pollution in Sichuan Province showed obvious seasonal characteristics,autumn and winter were the most obvious periods of acid rain pollution,and controlling the emission of air pollutants in these two seasons played an important role in reducing the pollution of acid rain.Acid rain pollution is still closely related to the regional economic development,and the areas with high frequency of acid rain are mainly the south Sichuan economic zone and the panxi economic zone.The contribution of NOx to acid rain is increasing.It has great significance to control the source of pollutants for the prevention and reduction of regional acid rain.

关 键 词：酸雨 酸雨特征 影响因素 四川 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X517