轮虫对不同营养状态水体的指示效果研究——以上海市水体为例  

The indicator effect of rotifers for different nutrient states in water bodies:A case study in waters of Shanghai,China

作　　者：彭靖 庞婉婷[1,3] 陈皑 罗健 秦红 钱志萍[1,3] 王全喜[1] Peng Jing;Pang Wanting;Chen Ai;Luo Jian;Qin Hong;Qian Zhiping;Wang Quanxi(College of Life Science,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,P.R.China;Shanghai Qingpu Hydrological Investgation Team,Shanghai 201799,P.R.China;Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Observation and Research Station,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海市青浦区水文勘测队,上海201799 [3]上海师范大学,上海长三角城市湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,上海200234

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2024年第6期1706-1719,共14页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区生态系统调查监测网络建设方案项目(C-6105-23-009);2013年度上海市政府发展研究中心——上海师范大学研究基地专项课题(2013-YJ-C08)联合资助。

摘　　要：浮游动物是水生态监测中关注的类群之一,轮虫作为浮游动物的重要组成部分从而受到诸多重视。然而轮虫用于水质和生态环境健康状态评价时却遇到了很多问题。本研究以上海市及周边水体为研究对象,探究3种轮虫指数(Q_(B/T)指数、E/O指数、TSI ROT指数)对水体营养状态的评价效果,分析了轮虫密度、生物量以及多样性指数与水体营养状态的关系。结果表明:①TSI ROT指数、轮虫密度和生物量在指示水体营养状态上有一定的可靠性,但评价效果受季节影响较大。在上海地区TSI ROT指数适合在夏、秋季节使用,不适合在冬、春季节使用。轮虫的密度和生物量在夏季与TLI的关系最为密切,且随着TLI的升高而升高,其中密度对TLI的指示效果优于生物量。Q_(B/T)指数、E/O指数进行水体营养状态评价均存在一定的局限性,两者不适用于四季分明且已普遍处于富营养水平的水体评价。α多样性指数(Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Pielou指数)在水体营养状态各阶段的数值集中范围相差不大,故而在上海地区不适宜根据α多样性各指数划定的范围来判断水体营养程度。②在夏季,生境是影响轮虫指示水体营养状态结果的重要因素。③TSI_(ROTP)与TSI_(ROTD)和TSI_(ROTZH)评价结果的一致性程度较弱,故而在使用TSI ROT指数前应充分了解被评价水体的水文状况,从而提高TSI ROT指数的准确性。Zooplankton,particularly the rotifera group,plays a crucial role in aquatic ecological monitoring.Nevertheless,some challenges arose as applying rotifers as indicators.In this study,which focused on the waters of and surrounding Shanghai.The effectiveness of three rotifer indices(Q_(B/T),E/O and TSI ROT)were evaluated for assessing the nutritional status of water.The relationships between rotifer density,biomass and diversity indices with the nutritional status of aquatic environments were discussed.The results were as follows.The TSI ROT index and rotifer biomass were somewhat reliable in indicating the nutritional status of water,but the evaluation effectiveness was significantly influenced by seasonal variations.In Shanghai,the TSI ROT index was more suitable in summer and autumn,but not in winter and spring.During summer,rotifer density and biomass correlated most closely with TLI.As TLI increases,rotifer density proved to be a more effective indicator than their biomass.In regions characterized by distinct seasons and predominantly eutrophic water bodies,assessing the nutritional status of water using either the Q_(B/T)index or the E/O index was inappropriate,as both methods had limitations in such environments.In Shanghai,usingαdiversity indices(Shannon,Simpson,Pielou)to assess water nutrition levels was unsuitable,as these indices showed minimal variance in concentration ranges across different nutritional stages of water bodies.Additionally,during the summer,habitat emerged as one of the key factors influencing the accuracy of rotifers in indicating the nutritional status of water bodies.Furthermore,the consistency of the evaluation results between TSI_(ROTP)and TSI_(ROTD),as well as between TSI_(ROTP)and TSI_(ROTZH),was relatively low.Therefore,a thorough understanding of the hydrological state of the assessed lakes was necessary before applying the TSI ROT index to ensure its precision.

关 键 词：轮虫的指示作用 富营养化 TSI_(ROT)指数 Q_(B/T)指数 E/O指数 上海 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]