不同砧木嫁接对‘旺地’樱生长的影响  

Effects of different rootstock grafting on the growth of Prunus campanulata‘Wangdi’

作　　者：朱军 胡晓敏 叶小玲 李文燕 高珊 杨梓滨 熊育明 ZHU Jun;HU Xiaomin;YE Xiaoling;LI Wenyan;GAO Shan;YANG Zibin;XIONG Yuming(Yingde Wangdi Cerasus Planting Co.,Ltd.,Yingde 513052,Guangdong,China;Shaoguan Wangdi Cerasus Planting Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512023,Guangdong,China;Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark Management Office,Shenzhen 518121,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Wangdi Landscape Architecture Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510335,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Tianshi Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510335,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]英德市旺地樱花种植有限公司,广东英德513052 [2]韶关市旺地樱花种植有限公司,广东韶关512023 [3]深圳大鹏半岛国家地质自然公园管理处,广东深圳518121 [4]广州旺地园林工程有限公司,广东广州510335 [5]广州天适集团有限公司,广东广州510335

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2024年第5期20-26,共7页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：清远市科技计划项目(2023KJJ007)。

摘　　要：‘旺地’樱是从钟花樱实生苗中选育出的樱花新品种,观赏价值高。为筛选在广东地区嫁接繁育‘旺地’樱的最适砧木,选取本地适生的耐热樱花钟花樱、‘飞寒’樱和‘小乔’樱为砧木,开展嫁接对比试验。采用切接法嫁接,研究砧木种类和规格对‘旺地’樱嫁接成活率、愈合良好率及生长情况的影响,并分析嫁接苗的生长节律。结果表明:不同砧木嫁接平均成活率排序为钟花樱的(95.33%)>‘飞寒’樱的(92.60%)>‘小乔’樱的(81.33%),平均愈合良好率排序为钟花樱的(69.35%)>‘小乔’樱的(51.99%)>‘飞寒’樱的(43.33%),钟花樱与‘旺地’樱接穗嫁接亲和性最好;砧木规格对嫁接口愈合良好率影响较大,小规格钟花樱为所有处理最高,达96.55%;钟花樱嫁接‘旺地’樱的株高和接口径速生期持续时间最长、生长量最高,株高速生期持续129 d,株高净生长量为196.88 cm,接口径速生期持续183 d,接口径净生长量为8.77 mm。综合考虑各项指标及实际生产需求,建议在广东地区采用小规格钟花樱(地径6~9 mm)作砧木嫁接‘旺地’樱。Prunus campanulata‘Wangdi'is a new variety selected from the seedlings of P.campanulata,with high ornamental value.In this experiment,locally suitable heat-tolerant P.campanulata,P.campanulata‘Feihan'and P.speciosa‘Xiaoqiao'were selected as rootstocks to carry out the grafting comparative test to select the most suitable rootstock for grafting and breeding P.campanulata‘Wangdi’in Guangdong.The effects of rootstock varieties and specifications on the survival rate,good healing rate and growth of P.campanulata‘Wangdi'grafted seedlings were studied by cutting grafting,and the growth rhythm of grafted seedlings was analyzed.The results showed that the average survival rate of grafted seedlings of different rootstocks was in the order of P.campanulata(95.33%)>P.campanulata‘Feihan'(92.60%)>P.speciosa‘Xiaoqiao'(81.33%),and the average good healing rate was in the order of P.campanulata(69.35%)>P.speciosa‘Xiaoqiao’(51.99%)>P.campanulata‘Feihan'(43.33%),and the grafting affinity between P.campanulata and P.campanulata‘Wangdi’was the best.The rootstock size had a great effect on the good graft healing rate,and the small size of P.campanulata was the highest among all treatments,reaching 96.55%.The grafted seedlings with P.campanulata had the longest duration and highest growth speed.The fast-growing period of the plant height lasted for 129 days,and the net growth amount was 196.88 cm.The fast-growing period of the interface diameter lasted for 183 days,with the net growth amount of 8.77 mm.Considering the various indicators and actual production demand,it was recommended to use small-sized P.campanulata(ground diameter of 6 to 9 mm)as the rootstock to graft P.campanulata‘Wangdi'in Guangdong.

关 键 词：‘旺地’樱 嫁接 成活率 愈合良好率 生长节律 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]