Semantic Foundation and Evolution Mechanism of the“好不X”(haobu X)Structure  

作　　者：Qian Wang Qinwei Zhou Di Zhang Jiajia Shi Siqian Cheng 

机构地区：[1]Hefei Information Technology University,Hefei 230000,Anhui Province,China [2]Anhui Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Wuhu 241000,Anhui Province,China

出　　处：《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》2024年第10期1-15,共15页当代教育研究（百图）

基　　金：2024 Key Scientific Research Project of Ordinary Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province“Research on the External Communication and Translation Modes of Hui Culture under One Belt,One Road Initiative”(2024AH053129);2022 General Project of Teaching Research on Quality Engineering in Anhui Province“Research on the Dilemmas and Countermeasures of Chinese Language Teaching for Foreign Students in Vocational Colleges under the Background of One Belt,One Road Initiative”(2022jyxm270)。

摘　　要：In Chinese,the“好不X”(haobu X)structure expresses three types of meanings(negation,affirmation,and both affirmation-negation),where X exhibits differences in semantic symmetry.So far,no systematic explanatory theory has been proposed to account for these differences.Therefore,this paper presents and argues for an explanatory hypothesis that progresses through four stages:“很不X”(henbu X)=>“好不X”(haobu X)(negation)=>[ironic use]“好不X”(haobu X)(affirmation)=>expansion and obstruction of affirmative“好不”(haobu).Specifically,(1)the basis of the negation“好不X”(haobu X)is attributed to“很不X”(henbu X),and the semantic asymmetry of X(excluding negative words)is explained using politeness principles,irony,and the semantic valence of negation results;(2)the ironic use of the negation“好不X”(haobu X)gives rise to the affirmation“好不X”(haobu X);(3)the grammaticalization and expansion of the positive meaning of“好不”(haobu)extend to X,which cannot appear in the negative meaning“好不__”structure(including words with opposite meanings and high polarity positive words).This explains the semantic symmetry of X in the positive meaning“好不X”(haobu X)structure;(4)when the affirmation“好不”(haobu)expands to the negation“好不X”(haobu X),it encounters both obstacles(X includes neutral and some positive words)and compatibility(X is some other positive words),thus explaining the semantic asymmetry of X in the affirmation-negation“好不X”(haobu X)(i.e.,X is positive words).

关 键 词：haobu X Semantic(a)symmetry of X Politeness principle IRONY Semantic valence Adverb“hao” 

分 类 号：I26[文学—中国文学]