行政协议诉讼中时效制度的正当性反思及优化进路  

Reflection on the Justification of the Limitation System in Aministrative Agreement Litigation and Its Optimization Approach

作　　者：刘杰 翟翌[1] Liu Jie;Zhai Yi(Law School,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第6期112-120,共9页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2022年重庆市社会科学规划英才计划项目“行政法视野下中国高校教师聘任改革的理论与制度研究”(项目编号:2022YC073);2021年中央高校基本科研业务费项目“行政法治视阈下我国高校教师聘用制改革研究”(项目编号:2021CDJSKJC32)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：根据《最高人民法院关于审理行政协议案件若干问题的规定》,在行政协议诉讼中,诉讼时效制度与起诉期限制度分别适用于行政机关不依法履行、不按照约定履行行政协议以及变更、解除行政协议的案件。该分类以行政协议具有的“行政性”与“协议性”双重属性为标准,但理论界与实务界均未完成行政协议诉讼中时效制度正当性的合理证成,根本缘由在于行政协议诉讼中时效制度的设计本身存在诸多不合理之处,已无法回应实践需求。统一适用起诉期限,以及“协议性”与“行政性”的区分路径都存有不足。将明确案涉纠纷属性作为前置程序,区分当事人主张的权利类型,进而确定需适用的具体时效规则,应是较为合理的时效制度优化路径。According to the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases,in administrative agreement litigation,the statute of limitations system and the prosecution time limit system are respectively applicable to the cases where administrative organs fail to perform administrative agreements in accordance with the law or as agreed,and modify or terminate administrative agreements.This classification is based on the dual attributes of “administrative” and “contractual” nature of administrative agreement,but the theoretical and practical circles have not completed the reasonable justification of the limitation system in administrative agreement litigation.The fundamental reason is that the design of the limitation system in administrative agreement litigation itself has many unreasonable aspects and cannot respond to practical needs.There are shortcomings in the unified application of the prosecution time limit system and the differentiation between “contractual” and “administrative” approaches.It should be a more reasonable way to optimize the limitation system by clarifying the nature of the dispute involved in the case as a pre-procedure,distinguishing the types of rights claimed by the parties,and then determining the specific limitation rules to be applied.

关 键 词：行政协议 起诉期限 诉讼时效 行政性 协议性 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]