粒子与集体行为  

Particles and collective behavior

作　　者：牛谦 王志 肖聪 张力发 NIU Qian;WANG Zhi;XIAO Cong;ZHANG Li-Fa(School of Physical Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;School of Physics,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering,University of Macao,Macao 999078,China;School of Physics and Technology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学物理学院,合肥230026 [2]中山大学物理学院,广州510275 [3]澳门大学应用物理及材料工程研究院,中国澳门999078 [4]南京师范大学物理科学与技术学院,南京210023

出　　处：《物理》2024年第10期661-672,共12页Physics

摘　　要：布洛赫电子的运动受到贝里曲率的影响,已是人们熟知的量子几何效应。凝聚态系统中的各种集体行为,以及它们与电子系统的耦合,为量子几何现象的探索提供了更加广阔的舞台。针对几种典型的对称破缺状态,文章就下列方向中的有关研究和应用作出简略回顾和展望,包括晶格振动与声子、磁化动力学与自旋波、玻色凝聚体与量子涡旋、超导序参量与准粒子以及晶格形变与人工引力。The influence of Berry curvature on the motion of Bloch electrons is a well-established quantum geometric effect.However,the diverse collective behaviors within condensed matter systems,along with their coupling to electron dynamics,offer an even broader platform for exploring quantum geometric phenomena.In this article,we provide a concise review and outlook on the study of quantum geometric effects across several typical symmetry-breaking states,including lattice vibrations and phonons,magnetization dynamics and spin waves,Bose-Einstein condensates and quantum vortices,superconducting order parameters and quasiparticles,as well as lattice deformations and artificial gravity.

关 键 词：贝里曲率 集体模式 对称性破缺 声子 分子贝里曲率 磁化 动力学 广义法拉第力 磁振子 玻色凝聚体 量子涡旋 超导 博戈留波夫准粒子 晶格联络 人工引力 

分 类 号：O572[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]