基于DPSIR模型的水库生态安全评价——以2015、2019年福建东圳水库为例  

Ecological Security Evaluation of Reservoir Based on DPSIR Model:Case Study of Dongzhen Reservoir in Fujian in 2015 and 2019

作　　者：邱晓红 赵志强 蔡金傍 谢蓉蓉[1,3,4] 李家兵[1,3,4] QIU Xiao-hong;ZHAO Zhi-qiang;CAI Jin-bang;XIE Rong-rong;LI Jia-bing(College of Environmental&Resource Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology&Environment,Nanjing 210000,China;Digital Fujian Environmental Monitoring&Internet of Things Laboratory,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Recycling,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学环境与资源学院,福州350007 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210000 [3]福建师范大学数字福建环境监测物联网实验室,福州350007 [4]福建师范大学福建省污染控制与资源循环利用重点实验室,福州350007

出　　处：《四川环境》2024年第5期128-138,共11页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42007343);福建省自然科学基金(2021J01195)。

摘　　要：水库作为我国工程体系的重要组成部分,具有防洪、供水、蓄电、灌溉、生态等综合功能。对水库生态安全程度和主要障碍因素进行评价研究,对于认识水库生态安全现状、推动水库生态环境保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。以东圳水库2015年、2019年为研究对象,基于DPSIR模型构建了包含社会经济活动、水生态健康、生态服务功能和调控管理4大因素和62个指标的水库生态安全评价指标体系,对4大因素层进行分别评估后采用加权求和得到水库的生态安全指数(ESI)。结果表明:(1)研究区域2019年的社会经济活动、生态服务和调控管理功能均得到提高,尤其调控管理对水库生态安全水平贡献较大,但水生态健康情况不理想且较2015年有所下降。(2)2015、2019年ESI分别为65.55和70.72,为“较安全”状态,但距离安全仍有差距。研究结果表明在生态服务功能和流域调控管理已达到较高水平条件下,水生态健康成为制约东圳水库生态安全的主导因素,其数据可为水库生态安全保障和环境保护方向提供数据支持。As an essential part of China’s engineering system,reservoirs have comprehensive functions such as flood control,water supply,electricity storage,irrigation and ecology.Evaluating and studying the ecological security and main obstacles of reservoirs is of great significance for understanding the present ecological security of reservoirs and promoting the protection and sustainable development of ecological environment of reservoirs.Taking Dongzhen Reservoir in 2015 and 2019 as a research object,an ecological security evaluation index system involving 62 indexes was built under a DPSIR model based on 4 factors(social and economic activities,aquatic ecosystem health,ecosystem services and regulatory management).The ecological security index(ESI)of the reservoir was obtained through weighted summation of the four factors respectively.The results indicated that:(1)In 2019,the social and economic activities,ecological services and regulatory management functions of the study area were all improved,especially the regulatory management made a great contribution to the ecological security of the reservoir.However,the aquatic ecosystem health was not ideal and decreased compared with 2015.(2)ESI were respectively 65.55 and 70.72 in 2015 and 2019,which showed that the ecological system was in a state of relatively safe,but there was still a gap to achieve the safe level.Under the condition that the ecosystem services and regulatory management of watershed had reached a higher level,aquatic ecosystem health was the dominant factor affecting the ecological security of Dongzhen Reservoir.The results can provide data support for the ecological security and environmental protection of the reservoir.

关 键 词：水库 生态安全 DPSIR框架 模型 评估 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]