RhP光合细菌制剂对河流湖泊水质的提升和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of RhP Photosynthetic Bacterial Preparation on Water Quality Improvement and Microbial Communities in Rivers and Lakes

作　　者：李晶晶 童晋[2] 范劲松 李柯宇 党劲野 周刚 刘科[1,5] LI Jing-jing;TONG Jin;FAN Jin-song;LI Ke-yu;DANG Jin-ye;ZHOU Gang;LIU Ke(Key Laboratory of Biological Resources&Bioenvironment,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;College of Ecology&Environment,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Zigong River&Lake Management and Protection Center,Zigong,Sichuan 643000,China;Chengdu Dakai Institute of Applied Technology,Chengdu 610041,China;Microbiology&Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincee,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生物环境重点实验室,成都610065 [2]成都理工大学生态环境学院,成都610059 [3]自贡市河湖管理保护中心,四川自贡643000 [4]成都大开应用技术研究所,成都610041 [5]微生物与代谢工程四川省重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《四川环境》2024年第5期161-170,共10页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：四川大学自贡市校地合作专项(2021CDZG-10)。

摘　　要：光合细菌在水环境治理中得到了广泛应用,但在河流湖泊较大水体中光合细菌对水质和微生物群落的影响还缺乏充分研究。我们分析了一种用于水污染治理的光合细菌产品(RhP制剂)的微生物组分,检测了该制剂对实验水体化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的影响。同时回顾分析了该制剂在岳阳市南湖(约3500万m^(3)水体)三年水污染治理过程中对水质的影响。另外,还测试了该制剂对自贡市石梯河1.9km河段(约50万m^(3)水体)水质的提升作用,用高通量测序分析了河水中微生物群落的变化。通过形态学、吸收光谱及高通量测序发现该制剂的主要有效成分为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris),其削减实验水体COD、TN和TP的能力较强。该制剂对南湖水质有较好提升,TN去除率最高53.39%,TP去除率最高62.27%。对水质较好的石梯河河水主要污染指标COD有一定改善,对微生物群落的丰富度和多样性影响不大。该制剂治理效率和生态安全性好,适合河流湖泊的水生态治理。Photosynthetic bacteria have been widely used in water environment remediation.However,researches on the effects of phototrophic bacteria on water quality and microbial communities in large water bodies such as rivers and lakes are still insufficient.We analyzed the microbial composition of a phototrophic bacterial product(RhP preparation)used for water pollution control and detected its influence on chemical oxygen demand(COD),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)in experimental water.Simultaneously,we reviewed and analyzed the effect of this preparation on water quality during a three⁃year water pollution control process in Nanhu Lake,Yueyang(approximately 35 million cubic meters of water).Additionally,we tested the improvement effect of this preparation on water quality in a 1.9 km section of Shiti River,Zigong(approximately 500000 cubic meters of water),and analyzed the changes in microbial communities in river water using high⁃throughput sequencing.Morphological,absorption spectrum,and high⁃throughput sequencing analyses revealed that the main effective component of the preparation was Rhodopseudomonas palustris,which exhibited strong capability in reducing COD,TN,and TP in the experimental water.The preparation had a significant improvement effect on the water quality of Nanhu Lake,with the highest removal rates of 53.39%for TN and 62.27%for TP.It showed improvements in the main pollution indicator COD of the water in Shiti River to some extent,with little impact on the richness and diversity of microbial communities.The preparation demonstrated good efficiency and ecological safety in water environment remediation,making it suitable for aquatic ecosystem management in rivers and lakes.

关 键 词：光合细菌 沼泽红假单胞菌 水质 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q938[生物学—微生物学]