国内外氦气产业现状与发展趋势  

Helium industry at home and abroad:The status quo and development prospects

作　　者：邹德江[1] 岳进 ZOU Dejiang;and YUE Jin(Sinopec International Petroleum Exploration and Production Development Corporation,Beijing 100029,China;Shengli Well Log-ging Company,Sinopec Matrix Co.,Ltd.,Dongying,Shandong 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团国际石油勘探开发有限公司,北京100029 [2]中石化经纬有限公司胜利测井公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2024年第5期65-71,共7页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

摘　　要：氦气作为关系国家安全和高新技术产业发展的战略性稀有气体资源,在科学研究、医学、航空和其他高科技行业均有着不可替代的作用。近年来中国氦气供应持续紧张,为了进一步降低氦气对外依存度,缓解国内氦气供应的严峻形势,防止将来氦气供应受制于人,通过广泛文献调研和数据整理分析,对国际上主要产氦国氦气勘探开发成果、提氦产能建设与供需形势进行了总结和梳理,综述了国外氦气资源分布、产量、市场发展现状和存在的问题,深入剖析了中国氦气产业发展现状和面临的问题与挑战。研究结果表明:①中国氦气对外依存度极高,供应长期依赖进口,绝大部分进口资源掌握在美国、卡塔尔、澳大利亚等外商企业手中,在市场供应上上述国家占据绝对优势地位;②中国氦气资源安全形势严峻,建议油公司高度重视氦气资源潜力评价和开发可行性研究,把氦气作为现有油气资产的重要补充,加强国内外富氦天然气藏勘探和开发力度,氦气产业将具有广阔的发展前景;③构建多元化氦气供应体系,缓解国内氦气供应的紧张局面,有效应对氦气市场变化,防止被恶意限制供应。Helium,as a kind of strategic noble gas resources closely related to national security and high-tech industrial development,plays an irreplaceable role in scientific research,medicine,aviation and other high-tech industries.However,its supply has been confronted with shortage in recent years.In order to further reduce the foreign dependence,relieve the severe situation of domestic supply,and prevent the future supply disciplined by others,helium's exploration and development fruits,productivity construction,and supply-demand situation were discussed for major helium-producing countries worldwide through extensive literature investigation and data collection.Additionally,the distribution,production,market status and problems were analyzed for foreign helium resources,and the development and challenges in China's helium industry were also put forward.Results show that(i)helium resources in China has extremely high foreign dependence and long-term dependence on imports.Most of the imported resources come from the United States,Qatar,and Australia whose market supply is absolutely dominant;(ii)the security of helium resources is quite severe in China,suggesting that oil companies should attach great importance to their potential evaluation and development feasibility study,take helium as essential supplement to existing petroleum assets,and strengthen the exploitation in helium-rich gas reservoirs at home and abroad,so that the helium industry will have promising prospects;and(iii)some suggestions are proposed,such as to build a diversified system on helium supply,to put the shortage of domestic supply at ease,to find an adequate response to changes in helium markets,and to prevent behaviors of deliberately limiting the supply.

关 键 词：氦气 稀有气体 天然气开发 战略资源 产业现状 

分 类 号：TQ116.41[化学工程—无机化工] F416.7[经济管理—产业经济]