基于抗衰退韧性评价的城市住区体检与“精明更新”研究  

The Physical Examination and the Smart Renewal Study of Urban Residential Areas Based on Resilience Assessment of Anti-Recession

作　　者：肖竞[1,2] 吕妍 蔡婉洵 曹珂 刘晶晶 XIAO Jing;LV Yan;CAI Wanxun;CAO Ke;LIU Jingjing

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院 [2]重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [3]重庆两江知寓投资管理有限公司 [4]重庆工商大学公共管理学院 [5]重庆市规划和自然资源局中心城区规划处

出　　处：《中国名城》2024年第11期31-40,共10页China Ancient City

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目面上项目“保障房社区非正规就业的空间失配测度、空间影响要素与规划干预研究”(编号:51978090)。

摘　　要：聚焦存量提质时期我国庞大规模老旧住区更新面临巨大资金缺口和社会压力的现实背景,针对既有住区更新、住区体检方法“重要素特征,轻系统状态;重目标评价,轻问题诊断”的理论瓶颈,探索建构出以“低度干预,高效增值;未病预防,靶向提升;人本响应,时空统筹”为行动逻辑的城市住区“精明更新”方法。该方法以住区“精明体检、精明诊断、精明治疗”为操作闭环,以物质空间韧性与社会生境韧性两大韧性系统,住房条件、住区环境、设施水平、人口结构、治理水平5类要素及其下辖13项细分指标为评价因子,对城市住区进行动态监测、科学诊断,将其划分为高、中、低韧性等级和物质衰退、社会衰退、风险叠加等衰退类型;并通过监测养护、短板补益、综合干预和空间提质、邻里链接、时空重构等措施,对不同韧性等级、衰退类型住区进行更新时序统筹和问题靶向调节。相关内容以期为我国城市住区更新实践提供方法参考和技术支持。In response to the practical background of huge funding gap and social pressure caused by the large-scale renewal of old residential areas in China during the"inventory improving"stage,as well as the theoretical bottleneck of"previous residential area renewal and physical examination study which emphasized element characteristics but neglected system status and emphasized objective assessment but neglected problem diagnosis,the article proposes a"smart renewal"theory for urban residential areas based on the practical logic of"low intervention,high value-added;disease prevention,targeted improvement;people-oriented response,and spatiotemporal coordination":This method takes the"smart physical examination,smart diagnosis,and smart treatment"of residential areas as the action loop,with two major systems of physical space resilience and social ecosystem resilience,and five elements of housing conditions,residential environment,facility level,population structure,and govermance level,and 13 sub indicators as evaluation factors.It dynamically monitors and scientifically diagnoses urban residential areas,dividing them into high,medium,and low resilience levels and recession types such as material recession,social recession,and rsk aggregation.And through renewal measures such as monitoring and nurturing,weaknesses optimization,comprehensive intervention,spatial improvement,neighborhood connecting,and spatiotemporal reconstruction,targeted interventions are proposed for different resilience levels and recession types of residential areas.Hopefully,the relevant contents will provide methodological references and technical support for the residential area renewal practice in China.

关 键 词：城市更新 住区体检 衰退风险 韧性评价 精明更新 人本响应 时空统筹 

分 类 号：TU981[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]