基于风环境模拟评估的老旧住区更新路径研究——以雅安市西城街道为例  

Research on the Simulation Evaluation and Renewal Path of Wind Environment in Old Residential Areas:A Case Study of the Xicheng Street in Ya'an

作　　者：陈岚[1] 游文娟 谭林 江歆琪 陈春华[1] CHEN Lan;YOU Wenjuan;TAN Lin;JIANG Xinqi;CHEN Chunhua

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院

出　　处：《中国名城》2024年第11期41-48,共8页China Ancient City

基　　金：四川省教育厅项目“城乡文化景观‘双修’与可持续发展研究”(编号:JGYQ2017028);成都市哲学社会科学规划项目“基于系统论视角的公园城市生态价值转化机制及发展模式研究”(编号:2021BS099)。

摘　　要：城市存量更新背景下,老旧住区成为重点更新对象,良好风环境的营造作为影响居民室外舒适度的重要因素,对老旧住区的更新改造有重要意义。选取雅安市西城街道老旧住区为研究对象,使用Phoenics软件对其夏季风速、风压等风环境参数进行数值模拟,识别场地内静风、涡旋等不良风场,总结场地风环境特征与现存问题,研究发现:(1)西城街道老旧住区整体存在建筑排列密集、街道停车拥挤、住区内部空间狭窄、开敞空间缺乏的现状问题。(2)通过Phoenics模拟场地风环境可知,在夏季主导风向条件下,场地呈现四周多轻风区、内部多无风与软风区且出现涡旋的风速特征,以及整体为低风压、内部建筑群前后风压差大都不足1.5 Pa的风压特征。(3)场地内近五分之四的风速低于最低的基本舒适风速(1.0 m/s),无法满足人的风舒适度需求,整体通风环境亟须改善。(4)研究区建筑密度、建筑容积率与风速比呈中等负相关关系,迎风面建筑密度与风速比呈低等负相关关系。基于上述综合分析结果,从建筑布局、街巷空间、公共空间、绿化配置4个方面提出该住区风环境的优化建议。Under the background of urban stock renewal,old residential areas have become the focus of renewal.As an important factor affecting residents'outdoor comfort,the construction of good wind environment is of great significance to the renewal and transformation of old residential areas.This paper selects the old residential area of Xicheng Street in Ya'an City as the research object,uses Phoenics software to numerically simulate the wind environment parameters such as summer wind speed and wind pressure,identifies bad wind fields such as calm wind and vortex in the site,and summarizes the characteristics of the site wind environment and existing problems.The study finds out that:(1)The old residential areas in Xicheng Street have the problems of dense building arrangement,crowded street parking,narrow intermal space and lack of open space.(2)Through Phoenics to simulate the wind environment of the site,it can be seen that under the condition of the dominant wind direction in summer,the site presents the wind speed characteristics of more light wind areas around,more no wind and soft wind areas inside,and vortexes,as well as the wind pressure characteristics of low wind pressure as a whole,and the wind pressure difference between the front and back of the intermal buildings is mostly less than 1.5 Pa;(3)Nearly four-fifths of the wind speed in the site is lower than the lowest basic comfort wind speed(1.0 m/s),which can not meet the needs of people's wind comfort,and the overall ventilation environment needs to be improved;(4)There is a moderate negative correlation between building density,building floor area ratio and wind speed ratio in the study area,and a low negative correlation between windward building density and wind speed ratio.Based on the above comprehensive analysis results,the optimization suggestions of the wind environment in the residential area are put forward from four aspects:building layout,street space,public space and greening configuration.

关 键 词：老旧住区 风环境模拟 Phoenics 雅安西城街道 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]