2015~2019年中国居民急性心肌梗死发病和死亡特征分析  

Incidence and Mortality Feature of Acute Myocardial Infarction From 2015 to 2019 in China

作　　者：颜流霞[1] 厚磊[1] 蔡小宁[1] 龙政 陈晓荣[1] 吴静[1] YAN Liuxia;HOU Lei;CAI Xiaoning;LONG Zheng;CHEN Xiaorong;WU Jing(National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Medical Affairs Office,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]首都医科大学宣武医院医务处,北京100053

出　　处：《中国循环杂志》2024年第10期968-975,共8页Chinese Circulation Journal

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项慢性病综合干预“中国居民心脑血管事件报告试点项目(2014-2020)”~~。

摘　　要：目的:分析2015~2019年中国居民急性心肌梗死(AMI)发病、死亡特征及其变化情况。方法:利用覆盖全国31个省级行政区100个县(市、区)的“中国居民心脑血管事件登记系统”数据,纳入2015~2019年报告的AMI发病和死亡病例,以监测地区常住人口为分母,计算年度AMI粗发病率;以第七次全国人口普查数据为标准人口,采用直接标化法计算年龄标化发病率;运用Joinpoint模型分析AMI发病率的年度变化百分比(APC)及变化趋势;以年度AMI个案的死亡数量(例)与报告发病数量(例)的比值计算死亡发病比。结果:2015~2019年,监测地区共累计报告AMI发病病例257686例,死亡病例149169例。2019年AMI粗发病率为82.76/10万,男性AMI粗发病率高于女性,农村高于城市。2015~2019年AMI粗发病率趋于平稳(P>0.05),男性AMI粗发病率升高6.05%(APC=1.30%,95%CI:0.56%~2.02%),女性下降11.80%(APC=-3.10%,95%CI:-4.54%~-1.68%)。2019年AMI年龄标化发病率为94.82/10万,比2015年下降16.59%(APC=-4.32%,95%CI:-5.32%~-3.34%),男性和女性AMI年龄标化发病率分别降低12.57%(APC=-2.72%,95%CI:-3.78%~-1.67%)和23.96%(APC=-6.56%,95%CI:-8.57%~-4.58%),城市和农村分别降低14.37%(APC=-3.08%,95%CI:-6.01%~-0.08%)和19.24%(APC=-5.18%,95%CI:-10.19%~0.03%)。AMI发病率随年龄增长而升高。相比2015年,2019年城市35~44岁男性和45~54岁男性AMI发病率分别升高77.16%(APC=13.52%,95%CI:3.29%~24.57%))和26.36%(APC=5.71%,95%CI:-0.95%~12.68%),而≥65岁总人群的AMI发病率则趋于下降,65~74岁降低26.58%(APC=-6.68%,95%CI:-11.98%~-1.01%),75~84岁降低19.85%(APC=-5.64%,95%CI:-11.57%~0.65%),≥85岁降低14.53%(APC=-4.44%,95%CI:-7.75%~-1.04%)。2015~2019年总体AMI死亡发病比为0.58,女性死亡发病比高于男性,农村高于城市。相比2015年,2019年AMI总体死亡发病比降低16.12%(APC=-4.28%,95%CI:-5.75%~-2.83%),其中城市男性、城市女性、农村男性AMI死亡发病比趋于下降(P均<0.05),而农村女性维持稳定(P>0.05)。�ed from China Registry of Acute Cardiovascular Event(China RACE),which was established in 100 counties from 31 provincial regions in China.Incidence rate,age standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and mortality to incidence ratio(M/I)was estimated in AMI cases.A Joinpoint regression was executed and annual percent change(APC)was examined to identify trends in incidence.Results:From 2015 to 2019,a total of 257686 acute myocardial infarction incidence and 149169 deaths were registered.The annual incidence rate of AMI in 2019 was 82.76 per 100000.Over the study period,the incidence rate of AMI increased by 6.05%for men(APC=1.30%,95%CI:0.56%to 2.02%)but decreased by 11.80%for women(APC=-3.10%,95%CI:-4.54%to-1.68%),resulting a steady trend for AMI crude incidence rate for the overall population.The overall ASIR of AMI declined by 16.59%(APC=-4.32%,95%CI:-5.32%to-3.34%)from 113.68 per 100000 in 2015 to 94.82 per 100000 in 2019.The ASIR of AMI declined by 11.04%(APC=-2.72%,95%CI:-3.78%to-1.67%)for men,23.96%(APC=-6.56%,95%CI:-8.57%to-4.58%)for women,12.57%(APC=-3.08%,95%CI:-6.01%to-0.08%)for the urban areas,and 19.24%(APC=-5.18%,95%CI:-10.19%to 0.03%)for rural areas respectively.The incidence rate of AMI increases gradually with age in both men and women.The incidence of AMI in urban men of 35-44 and 45-54 year age groups increased by 77.16%(APC=13.52%,95%CI:3.29%to 24.57%)and 26.36%(APC=5.71%,95%CI:-0.95%to 12.68%)over time.However,the incidence of AMI fell in the population above 65 year old,by 26.58%(APC=-6.68%,95%CI:-11.98%to-1.01%),19.85%(APC=-5.64%,95%CI:-11.57%to 0.65%)and 14.53%(APC=-4.44%,95%CI:-7.75%to-1.04%)in the 65-74 year age,75-84 year age and≥85year age groups respectively from 2015 to 2019.The mortality to incidence ratio of AMI was 0.58 over time,higher in women than in men,and higher in rural areas than in urban areas.The M/I ratio of AMI decreased from 0.62 in 2015 to 0.52 in 2019(APC=-4.28%,95%CI:-5.75%to-2.83%).There was a declined trends in M/I of AMI in urban residents of both male and female,and in

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 发病率 死亡发病比 登记 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]