滚装船载运的锂电池汽车仿真模拟研究  

Simulation study on lithium battery vehicles transported by roll on/roll off ships

作　　者：王彦富[1] 张浩然 乔健 熊梓迅 邹丽 WANG Yanfu;ZHANG Haoran;QIAO Jian;XIONG Zixun;ZOU Li(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,University of Petroleum,Qingdao Shandong 266580,China;Shanghai Tongtai Fire&Security Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201707,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]上海同泰火安科技有限公司,上海201707

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第9期107-113,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(52171352,52471387);欧盟框架计划“Horizon 2020”项目(H2020-MSCA-IF-2018-840425)。

摘　　要：为应对船舶运输中锂电池汽车火灾带来的严重后果,构建滚装船甲板上的锂电池汽车火灾仿真模型。首先,利用锂电池汽车全尺寸火灾试验数据,验证单辆和双辆锂电池汽车火灾仿真模型准确性。随后,应用经验证的仿真模型对滚装船甲板上的锂电池汽车火灾模拟仿真,分析不同车辆间距下火灾热释放速率、温度和辐射热等变化特征。结果表明:在锂电池汽车火灾初期,火焰会先蔓延至并排停放的车辆,特别是受到喷射火影响的一侧车辆,然后再扩展至前后两侧的车辆,且前方车辆遭受的火灾损毁程度明显大于后方车辆。同时,喷射火会加剧锂电池汽车火灾的蔓延和发展,有喷射火区域的温度显著高于无喷射火区域,而受到喷射火影响的邻近车辆则最先被引燃。通过数值仿真手段可有效模拟船舶载运锂电池汽车火灾发展及蔓延过程。In order to address the severe consequences of lithium battery vehicle fires during ship transportation,a vehicle fire simulation model of a ro-ro ship deck lithium battery was constructed.Firstly,the accuracy of the fire simulation model of single and dual lithium battery vehicles was verified by using the full-scale fire experiment data of lithium battery vehicles.Then,the verified simulation model was applied to simulate the fire of a lithium battery vehicle on the deck of a ro-ro ship,and the variation rules of fire heat release rate,temperature and radiant heat under different vehicle spacing were analyzed.The results show that in the initial stage of the lithium battery vehicle fire,the flame first spreads to the side-parked vehicles,especially the side of the vehicle affected by the jet fire,and then expands to the front and rear vehicles.The front vehicle suffers significantly more fire damage than the rear vehicle.At the same time,jet fire aggravates the spread and development of lithium battery vehicle fires.The temperature of the area with jet fire is significantly higher than that of the area without jet fire,and the adjacent vehicles affected by jet fire are ignited first.The numerical simulation method can effectively simulate the fire development and spreading process of the vehicle carrying lithium battery on a ship.

关 键 词：滚装船 锂电池汽车 汽车火灾 仿真模型 喷射火 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]