钴酸锂与钴白合金废料协同浸出试验研究  

Experimental study on the synergistic leaching of LiCoO_(2) scrap and cobalt white alloy waste

作　　者：李鹏 杨启军 饶富 郑晓洪 LI Peng;YANG Qijun;RAO Fu;ZHENG Xiaohong(Qinghai Huanghe Minging Co.,Ltd.,Golmud 816000,China;Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100180,China)

机构地区：[1]青海黄河矿业有限责任公司,青海格尔木816000 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100180

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第5期87-94,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：废锂离子电池不仅富含锂、钴、镍等重要金属资源,还含有重金属、有机污染物等,现有文献的协同浸出方案通常会引入磷、稀土等杂质元素,使金属分离过程更加复杂。本研究以具有氧化性的钴酸锂废料和还原性的钴白合金废料为研究对象,开展了钴酸锂废料-钴白合金协同浸出的试验研究,考察了钴白合金和钴酸锂废料质量比、硫酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间等因素对协同浸出的影响,探讨浸出过程机理。结果表明,在质量比0.25、硫酸浓度1 mol/L、浸出温度60℃、浸出时间1 h、固液比50 g/L、搅拌速率375 r/min条件下,Li、Co、Cu和Fe浸出效率分别可达99.83%、97.51%、95.36%和75.6%;协同浸出过程钴白合金溶解产生的Fe2+起还原作用,促进LiCoO_(2)的溶解,同时产生的Fe3+可以形成FeOOH沉淀。该方法在实现协同浸出的同时,还减少了化学试剂的引入,为废锂离子电池和钴白合金的清洁高效利用提供了理论和技术支持。Spent lithium⁃ion batteries are not only rich in lithium,cobalt,nickel and other important metal resources,but also contain heavy metals,organic pollutants,etc.The synergistic leaching scheme of the existing literature usually introduces impurity elements such as phosphorus and rare earth,which makes the metal separation process more complicated.In this study,lithium cobalt oxide waste with oxidability and cobalt white alloy waste with reducibility were taken as the research objects,and the experimental study on the synergistic leaching of lithium cobalt oxide waste⁃cobalt white alloy was carried out.The effects of mass ratio of cobalt white alloy and lithium cobalt oxide waste,sulfuric acid concentration,leaching temperature,leaching time and other factors on the synergistic leaching were investigated,and the mechanism of leaching process was discussed.The results show that under the conditions of mass ratio 0.25,sulfuric acid concentration 1 mol/L,leaching temperature 60℃,leaching time 1 h,solid⁃liquid ratio 50 g/L and stirring rate 375 r/min,the leaching efficiencies of Li,Co,Cu and Fe can reach 99.83%,97.51%,95.36%and 75.6%,respectively.The Fe2+produced by the dissolution of cobalt white alloy in the synergistic leaching process plays a reducing role,which promotes the dissolution of LiCoO_(2),and the generated Fe3+form FeOOH precipitation.This method not only achieves synergistic leaching,but also reduces the introduction of chemical reagents,which provides theoretical and technical support for the clean and efficient utilization of waste lithium ion batteries and cobalt white alloys.

关 键 词：钴酸锂废料 钴白合金废料 协同浸出 清洁利用 Fe2+还原 FeOOH沉淀 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]