高硒碲铜阳极泥协同高铜渣硫酸化焙烧工艺研究  

Sulfated roasting process of high selenium tellurium copper anode slime combined with high copper slag

作　　者：刘元辉 张善辉 贺东晓 赵祝鹏 LIU Yuanhui;ZHANG Shanhui;HE Dongxiao;ZHAO Zhupeng(Shandong Humon Smelting Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264109,China;Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司,山东烟台264109 [2]昆明理工大学,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第5期95-102,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：高硒碲铜阳极泥在硫酸化焙烧过程中,产出的焙砂易烧结成大块状,且硒蒸出率较低。针对此问题,本研究利用高铜渣中单质铜含量高的特征,探索了铜阳极泥协同高铜渣硫酸化焙烧工艺,并进行了条件试验。试验结果表明,采用高铜渣协同硫酸化焙烧工艺处理铜阳极泥可行,在铜阳极泥与高铜渣质量比(以干重计)1∶0.1,硫酸与混合物浆化质量比0.85∶1,浆化时间60 min,四段焙烧温度分别为300℃、480℃、570℃、610℃,焙烧时间120 min等较佳工艺条件下,焙砂中硒含量可以降至0.1%以下。工业试验表明,产出的焙砂颗粒小且内部呈蜂窝状,铜阳极泥中硒得到有效蒸出,焙砂中硒平均含量由原来的6.67%降到0.09%,脱除率达98.65%。硫酸化焙烧过程中生成的粗硒纯度大于96%,可用于生产高纯度硒或者直接外售;生成的焙砂可通过球磨水浸分铜,分铜渣氯化分金回收金,分金渣氨浸分银回收银,最后将分银渣火法熔炼进一步回收有价金属。相较常规铜阳极泥硫酸化焙烧方法,本工艺实现了铜阳极泥中硒的深度蒸出,也实现了高铜渣的有效处理,具有推广价值。During the sulfuric acid roasting process of copper anode mud with high selenium and tellurium content,the roasted sand was sintered into large blocks,resulting in a low evaporation ratio of selenium.In response to this issue,this study utilized the high content of elemental copper in high copper slag to explore the synergistic sulfuric acid roasting process of copper anode mud and high copper slag,and conducted conditional experiments.The experimental results indicate that it is feasible to use high copper slag synergistic sulfation roasting process to treat copper anode mud,and under the condition of a mass ratio of copper anode slime to high copper slag(measured by dry weight)of 1∶0.1,the mass ratio of sulfuric acid to the mixture of 0.85∶1,the slurry time of 60 minutes,and the four zones of roasting temperature of 300℃,480℃,570℃,610℃,and 120 minutes,respectively.The selenium content in the roasted sand could be reduced to below 0.1%.Industrial tests have shown that the produced roasted sand particles are small and honeycomb shaped internally.The selenium in the copper anode mud is effectively evaporated,and the average selenium content in the roasted sand is reduced from 6.67%to 0.09%,with a removal rate of 98.65%.The crude selenium generated during the sulfation roasting process has a purity greater than 96%and can be used to produce high⁃purity selenium or directly sold externally;The copper in the generated roasted sand can be separated by ball milling water leaching,gold can be recovered by chlorination,silver can be recovered by ammonia leaching of gold slag,and finally valuable metals can be further recovered by pyrometallurgical melting of silver slag.Compared with the conventional copper anode mud sulfuric acid roasting method,this process achieves deep evaporation of selenium from copper anode mud and effective treatment of high copper slag,which has promotional value.

关 键 词：高硒碲铜阳极泥 高铜渣 协同处理 硫酸化焙烧 焙烧结块 硒回收 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]