晚清至民国3件书法裱件的分析研究  

A Brief Study of Three Mounting Pieces of Calligraphy Artefacts from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

作　　者：罗雁冰[1] 黄怡凡 陈昊坤 曹玥 杨钦怡 任梦佳 陈利纬 LUO Yanbing;HUANG Yifan;CHEN Haokun;CAO Yue;YANG Qinyi;REN Mengjia;CHEN Liwei(School of History and Culture,National Center for Experimental Archaeology Education,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610064,China;Sichuan Museum,Chengdu,Sichuan 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610064 [2]四川博物院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期557-566,共10页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(2023YFS0464)。

摘　　要：四川博物院馆藏3件清代至民国时期的原装原裱书法作品,因存在不同病害亟待保护修复。本文对三件作品揭取下来的裱件样品,检测及分析进行了包括纸张纤维观察、超景深观察、X射线荧光光谱分析、红外光谱分析、扫描电镜观察等,结果表明:3件裱件样品中虽然有宣纸和机制纸的使用,但仍以手工竹纸作为主要装裱用纸,以淀粉为粘接材料,以黄檗(又称黄蘗)为黄色染料,施加动物胶等措施仍然沿用了传统装裱技艺。样品年代历经了中国古代手工纸逐渐被机制纸代替的历史时期,其制作工艺、纸张用原材料以及染料的使用等,在一定程度上反映了清代至民国时期的中国社会现状与对外交流的一隅。The Sichuan Museum has a massive collection of ancient calligraphy and paintings,which are of long history and good value.Three original mounted calligraphy artefacts,dated from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,are suffering from different degrees of deterioration after a long-time restoration and are crying out to be repaired and preserved.The properties of the three removal mounting samples from their calligraphy artefacts were investigated via optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray fluorescence,and acidity meter.The results showed that the main raw materials were traditional bamboo handmade papers even though the Xuan paper and machine-made paper were used.The traditional mounting techniques,such as dyeing with Amur tree(Phellodendron amurense)bark extracts,sizing with animal glues,were used to modify the properties of paper surfaces.The samples have gone through a historical period in which handmade paper in ancient China was gradually replaced by machine-made paper.The production process,including using of raw materials and dyes,reflected parts of the current social situation and foreign exchanges in China from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.

关 键 词：裱件 书法作品 晚清至民国 传统手工纸 机制纸 

分 类 号：G264.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]