山东龙口西三甲墓地二期战国墓的发掘  

Excavation on the Warring States Tombs from the Second Discovery of Xisanjia Cemetery in Longkou,Shandong Province

作　　者：孙兆锋(执笔/拍摄) 赵娟 赵斯田 周丽 朱俊颖(执笔/拍摄) 钱科技(执笔/绘图) 孙衍(绘图) 马新聪(绘图) 

机构地区：[1]烟台市博物馆,烟台264001 [2]龙口市博物馆,龙口265702

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2024年第9期40-71,共32页Journal of National Museum of China

基　　金：山东省社科联2023年度人文社会科学课题“龙口西三甲墓地发掘资料整理与研究”(项目批准号:2023—JCXK—016)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：西三甲墓地位于龙口市新嘉街道西三甲村和东三甲村南侧,墓地东西长约1000米,南北宽约600米。2022年烟台市博物馆对该墓地进行第二次考古发掘,共发掘墓葬133座,包括战国墓86座,以M100、M101、M136、M137及M214为典型墓例。其中,M100、M101及M136、M137为2对并穴合葬墓,除成组彩绘陶器外,M101、M137出土多件青铜兵器,M137出土车马器,M100、M136出土荒帷串饰。M214出土外表华丽逼真、造型高大威猛的陶神鸟,此种陶器在其他墓地尚未发现。另外,据M100和M214人骨DNA检测结果,西三甲人群在战国时期为山东本地人群后裔,极有可能为莱人。这批墓葬为战国时期士人葬俗、尚鸟传统等研究提供了新资料。Xisanjia cemetery is located in the south of Xisanjia village and Dongsanjia village,Xinjia street,Longkou.The length of the cemetery is about 1000 meters from east to west,and the width is about 600 meters from north to south.In 2022,the Yantai Museum conducted the second archaeological excavation of the cemetery,excavating a total of 133 tombs,including 86 Warring States tombs,with M100,M101,M136,M137,and M214 as typical examples.Among them,M100 and M101,M136 and M137 are two pairs of joint tombs.In addition to groups of painted pottery that have been unearthed from the cemetery,M101 and M137 yielded several bronze weapons,M137 yielded chariot parts,M100 and M136 yielded coffin covers and ornaments.A tall and majestic pottery bird was unearthed in M214.This kind of pottery has not been found in other cemeteries.Furthermore,according to the DNA test results of human bones from M100 and M214,the Xisanjia people in the Warring States period were descendants of the local people of Shandong,which is very likely to be Lai people.This batch of tombs provides new information for the study of burial customs and the tradition of worshiping birds during the Warring States period.

关 键 词：西三甲墓地 战国墓 土坑竖穴墓 ?县古城 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K231[历史地理—历史学]